The official power to make legal decisions and judgments.

Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, meaning they can only hear cases authorized by the United States Constitution or federal statutes.

STATE COURTS HANDLE THE VAST MAJORITY OF CIVIL AND CRIMINAL CASES IN THE U.S

The original jurisdiction of a court is the power to hear a case for the first time.

When a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.

AN APPLICATION TO A HIGHER COURT FOR A DECISION TO BE REVERSED.

Asystem of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes.

The system of law concerned with private relations between members of a community rather than criminal, military, or religious affairs.

a body of people (typically twelve in number) sworn to give a verdict in a legal case on the basis of evidence submitted to them in court.

A person who brings a case against another in a court of law.

an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.