Chapter 9.4
Published on Nov 21, 2015
No Description
MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
The Revolution in Texas leading to war in Mexico
- Amierca expanionist sought new territy in the south and west
- Making conflict with Mexico seem inevitable
- The flash point for conflict became Texas
- Resulting the war increased United state
POLK URGES WAR
- Conlfict seem to have started from Mexioco
- Mexico goverment instablity was the start of war
- Also Present James K. Pol wanted to expand
PolK belif
- Thought war with Mexico will bring the nation together
- Also thought it would bring Texas
- And the war will gain us New Mexico and California into the Union
TEXAS'S And Mexico BELIEF
- Texas wanted to souther border extended to the Rio grande
- Mexico insisted taht Texas's border stop at the Nueces Tive
- 100 miles northeast of Rio Grande
Mexican President
- Santa Anna became president of Mexico in 1844
- Mexican political system was unstable and un predictable
- He was a Military captain
- He was responsible for much of Mexico turmoil
- His death on June 21 1876
SLIDELL
- 1845 Polk sent a spanish speaking emissary John Slidell
- He was sent to mexico to purchase California and New Mexico
- Also gain approval of the Rio Grande as the Texas border
Mexican Refusal
- When Slidell's arrive, Mexican offical refused to receive him
- Polk then told General Zachary Taylor to march to Rio and blockade the river
- Mexican view this as a violation of the rights
- Mexican were angered by this action from United state
- Took it as a Sign of war
American View On Expansion
- American shared Polk's goal for expansion
- However public opinion was split
- Half the nation didn't wanted war
- The other was all about war
- which later becomes a bigger problem when it comes to slavery
SECTIONAL ATTITUDES TOWARD WAR
- Idea of war had great public celebration
- Volunteers swarmed recruiting station
- The newspaper showed this war as romantic appeal
JAMES RUSSELL
- He wasn't happy about war
- He considered this a national crime
- Other like John c. Calhoun agreed with James
- He belived Mexico was the " forbidden fruit"
- If eaten it will cost us dearly and cause us political death
Southern point of view
- Saw this as an oppurnity to extend slavery
- Increase southern power in congress
- However the Wilmot proviso Appose no slavery in land gained from mexico
- The attack on slavery angered south
- They change the debate from war to slavery and extending slavery in mexico
NORTHERN POINT OF VIEW
- They opposed the war
- Antislavery whigs and abolitionist
- Saw war as a way of expanding slavery and ensure Souther Dominance
- Charles summer question if war was the way to go
- He felt out problems are being transferred to foreign land.
THE BEGIN OF WAR
- Taylor positioned his forces at Rio Grande in 1845-46
- John C. Fremont led an exploration party through Mexico's Alta California province
- Which was another violation of Mexican territorial right
- The Mexican Had enough of United state breaking their rules
MEXICO RESPOND
- They claimed by sending troops across the Rio Grande
- Mexican Soldiers killed 9 U.S Soldiers in Matamoros
- Polk Immediately send a war message to congress
- He claimed Mexico has started the war by killing American solider
- Abraham Lincoln question the truthfulness and asked if the blood shed was armed Soliders or not
POLK MESSAGE DOING
- It persuaded the House to recognize that we are in state of war
- By a vote of 174 to 14 and the senate by a vote of 40 to 2
- Anti slavery try to oppose the war but they were ignored
- The propaganda that was used to spark people up was Manifest destiny
KEARNY MARCHES WEST
- Polk ordered Colnel Stephen Kearny to march
- from Fort Leaven worth Kansas across the desert to Santa Fe
- they marched 800 miles of barren ground
- They were met with upper class Mexican who wanted to join United State
- New Mexico fell to united state without a shot being fired
The Republic of California
- In 19 century Spanish settlers had set up more then 20 mission along California coast
- After independence, Mexican Goverment took over.
- by 1830 about 12,000 Mexican settlers had migrated to California
- They set up cattle ranches, where they made native america into serves as workers
- 1840 about 500 U.s Settlers lived in California
CONFLICT ON CALIFORNIA
- Polk's offer to buy California in 1845
- It angered the Mexican goverment
- Group of settlers led by Fremont seized the town of Sonoma in 1846
- The rebels proudly declared their independence from Mexico called them Republic of California
- Kearny joined Fremont and the U.S naval, the Mexican troops quickly gave away and we won California
THE WAR IN MEXICO
- American troops in Mexico won victories after victories
- However Mexican defended their soil
- There army had poor leadership and no controll over their army
- The U.S soliders were under the best officers such as Robert E lee. and Captin Ulysses
- Both Point graduates
American invasion
- It lasted for about a year
- It was lead by Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott
- Taylor attacked and captured Monterrey, Mexico in September 1846
- However Mexican Garrison escaped
POLK'S SCHEME BACK FIRES
- He made a plan with Santa Anna who was living in exile in cuba
- Anna told Polk, that if he help him sneak back to Mexico.
- He promise he would end the and solve the border dispute
- Polk agree, but Santa Anna lied and went back to presidency, took command of the army
- He ordered and attack on Taylor's forces at Buena vista
MEXICAN FAILED ATTEMPT
- Even though mexican had great number of people for the attack
- The army suffered heavy exchausting traveling for so long
- However Taylor's rested army pushed Santa Anna forces out and into interior Mexcio
SCOTt's ARMY
- Santa Anna failure cost Mexico dearly
- Scottt's forces took advantage of Anna failure and captured Veracruz in March
- Scott had an army of 10,000 Soldiers and they landed on Veracruz in 200 ships they
- They set of for mexico for Mexico City covering 260 miles which they captured on september 14 1847
- Scott's army had never lost a single battle
AMERICAN GAINS THE SPOILS OF WAR
- ForMexico the war brought nothing but loses of lifes and more then half its land gone
- An ugly milestone in their history with relation to United state
- American vitories cost 13,000 lives. 2,000 died in battle or from wound and more then 11,000 from disease
- However the war enlarged U.S territories by almost 1/3
TREATY OF GUADALUPE HIDALGO
- Texas border set at Rio Grande
- Mexico cedes western lands for 15 million
- Guarantee rights of Mexicans living in territories
- War help the expansion into western part
- Franklin pierce authorities 1853 Gadsden purchased, set final border of lower 48 states
Taylor's Election
- It was the election of 1848
- The Democrats party nominated Lewis Cass
- Anti slavery Democrats nominated Martin van Buren
- Democrats were divied over extention of slavery
- Whig nominee, war hero Zachary taylor and he won
THE CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH
- In January 1848, Jame Marshall discovered gold at sutter's mill
- The word of the gold travel to every different continent
- San Francisco, residents traveled to sacramento valley in droves to pan for gold
- People left their field, their house to come to California to look for gold.
- chaos broke out in the street for the search of gold.
GOLD news travels
- Gold fever travel eastward, over land migration started to come into California
- California population skyrocket from 400 in 1848 to 44,0000 by 1850
- The fourty niners were among those who came to California
- These people were from asia, South America and Europe
IMPACT OF THE GOLD FEVER
- San Francisco became a supply center for everyone
- There were more ships less room on the harbor for the ship coming in
- People from all over the world came to join the gold rush for adventure and getting rich
- Most people who moved their settler their later on.
BRINGING DIVERSITY
- By 1849, California's population exceed 100,000,
- It brought diverse population
- Chinese, free blacks, Mexicans migrate in large numbers
- Slavery premitted until outlawed by 1849 constitutional convention
- California join Union in 1850
