INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN AMERICA

THE EARLY YEARS

• Britain was the first to come up with the idea of industry
• Inventors came up with ideas for machines to be powered by coal and water
• The machines powered by water would be located near a river or a stream
• The current produced by the stream would turn a water wheel that drives the machinery
• These ideas were all proposed and put into action by British Merchants.

PRE-INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN AMERICA

• After the war was over the U.S. relied on trade as a source of income.
• The problem with that was there was no manufacturing.
• The embargo act passed by Jefferson made trading with Britain illegal.
• This was a problem in the North because the North was a shipping center
• Then the War of 1812 broke out which continued the shut down of ports.

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN AMERICA

• Since ports where shutdown a new way to make money was needed
• The first factory was established in Pawtucket, Rhode Island in 1793
• Samuel Slater established the first successful textile mill in the North.
• However the factory and other factories alike only produced thread.
• In 1813 three Bostonians decided to make more steps in the factories

FINISHING STEPS

• Francis Cabot Lowell, Nathan Appleton, and Patrick Tracy Jackson made cloth
• The three men took the idea from a British mill and built a weaving factory
• The factory was located in Waltham, Massachusetts.
• Appleton and Jackson made so much money, that they built a new one.
• The factory was named after Lowell because came up with the changes in factories

THE NORTH VS. SOUTH ECONOMY

• As the North was progressing with factories the South farmed
• The land in the North was not ideal from large farms.
• Instead factories were built and the use for slaves became less.
• The South enjoyed farming and took no initiative on the factories.
• These showed the the North and South had different opinions on agriculture

AGRICULTURE IN THE NORTH

• Farms in the North started out growing only for what families needed.
• As farming spread and cities grew farmers realized they could grow more than 1 crop
• With growing more crops, some required less labor which meant less slaves needed to be used
• By 1804 all Northern states had gotten rid of their slaves and abolished slavery all together.

SOUTHERN FARMING

• Southern farming was mainly the cultivating of cotton.
• The invention of the cotton gin revolutionized the cotton manufacturing
• Cotton was in great demand so more slaves were needed to produce more cotton
• Cotton became the main cash crop in the south in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama.
• From 1790-1810 the bales of cotton parallel to the amount of slaves both.

PLAN OF ACTION

• In 1815 president Madison presented a plan to unite the North and South
• The plan was called American System.
• This plan was presented by Henry Clay, house speaker.
• Under this plan the hope was to unite the country.

PLAN OF ACTION CONTINUED

• The plan had three steps of actions
• 1) having and developing more transportation
• 2) establish a protective tariff
• 3) brining back the national bank
• Under these steps Madison and Clay hoped to Unite the country.

TRANSPORTATION

• Producing goods for profit would be pointless without transportation
• Clay wanted to South and North to trade with each other.
• The only was that was possible was by land, which was slow.
• Canals and roads were built to help transportation.

TRANSPORTATION CONTINUED

• People decided to build canals.
• With that Erie canal was built
• While that was happening the first steam locomotive was built
• If sea was not enough, rail roads were bring built as well.
• All these ways of transportation allowed people to move their produce or goods.

TRANSPORTATION CONT.

• With all the building going on money soon became scarce.
• Many states in the North and South built turnpikes or tolls.
• The federal government decided to build a National Road.
• This connected from the North states to states in the South.
• The National Road became a highway for trade from the North to South.

GOVERNMENT ISSUES

• Jefferson and Clay wanted people to by american made products.
• To make that possible they made the whole country pay tax for British goods.
• Both figured that it would help pay for war debt and transportation
• This made the South angry because they relied on farming not factories
• The North was fine with the tariff because it was a mostly industrial place

GOVERNMENT ISSUES CONT.

• The Second Bank of the U.S. had split opinions
• Some people believed that the bank was good
• What was good was developing a national currency

CONCLUSION

• The North and South had different approaches for making money.
• The government grows stronger and tried to unite the country
• The North was mostly textile or cloth mills. The south was farming.
• The North abolished slaves and the South needed more for cotton
• The United States is developing in two separate directions.