THE COLD WAR BEGINS

SECTION 1

PRIOR TO 1945

• Russian Revolution:
• West helped White Army
• Stalin and Hitler: Frenemies
• Russia switches sides in WWII

COLD WAR:

POST-WWII GOALS

• Russia:
• Protect itself from Germany
• Spread Communism
• US:
• Avoid another depression

YALTA CONFERENCE

• Feb. 1945
• Two Polands
• DECLARATION OF LIBERATED EUROPE
• Dividing up Germany and Berlin
• War Reparations

NOT A WHOLE LOT OF FREEDOM IN EASTERN EUROPE

APPEASEMENT IS FOR SUCKERS

POTSDAM CONFERENCE

• July, 1945
• German reconstruction
• Economic revival vs. Reparations
• Compromise...sort of...
• US has atomic weapons, so there!

THE IRON CURTAIN

THE IRON CURTAIN

• Coined by Winston Churchill
• Poland, Romania, Bulgari, Hungary, Czech.
• SATELLITE NATIONS: Indirectly controlled

SECTION 2

containment

Containment issues

• KENNAN'S LONG TELEGRAM:
• Keep Soviets from expanding; you don't have to go to war
• IRAN CRISIS:  over Communism and oil (shocking)
• TRUMAN DOCTRINE: fight Communism world-wide  
• Fight Communism in Greece and Turkey by giving aid

Marshall plan

and buy our stuff

the fight for berlin

• Divide Germany into zones.
• Divide Berlin into zones.
• East Germany-Communism
• West Germany-Democratic (sort of)
• Fight over war reparations (again)

Berlin airlift

• Stalin blocks off entry into Berlin.
• Get supplies in without starting a war
• 11 months dropped 2 million tons
• Symbolized American determination

nato and warsaw pact

• NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION:
• 12 countries in military alliance
• America's commitment to peace in Europe
• WARSAW PACT-Russian counterpart

Cold War IN asia

• Chinese Civil War:
• MAO ZEDONG v. CHIANG KAI-SHEK
• US tried to help...to no avail
• TAIWAN/FORMOSA:  Chinese Nationalist
• People's Republic of China

so the two biggest countries in the world are commies

oddly enough...

The korean war

• Don't just learn about it from MASH!
• 38th Parallel (Russia-North, US-South)
• The UN and China intervene
• MacArthur wants to bomb China...gets fired
• Ends in a stalemate

Now the US was using military force

That leads to vietnam

Section 3

Red Scare 2-Electric Boogaloo

• Remember this about thirty years before?
• Gouzenko case:  SPIES AMONG US!
• SUBVERSION:  effort to secretly weaken a society

SPyin' or Lyin'?

• LOYALTY REVIEW BOARD:
• Investigations but no Commies
• HUAC:  House Un-American Activities Committee
• Commie-hunting at a federal level
• ALGER HISS:  Sued someone for libel, then charged with perjury

More Commie Huntin'

• JULIUS and ETHEL ROSENBERG:
• Executed for being suspected spies
• PROJECT VENONA:  cracked Soviet spy code
• And seemed to prove spies' guilt

Joseph McCarthy

McCarthyism

• McCarran Internal Security Act:
• Communists had to register
• Truman opposed it
• Basically just accuse everyone...
• Except for the military

Prepping for the Bomb

• "Duck and Cover"
• Bomb Shelters/Fallout Shelters
• TV, movies, books
• Insecurity and paranoia

Section 4

Ike's "New Look"

• Eisenhower was a war hero.
• Economic and military might!
• MASSIVE RETALIATION:  use nukes rather than soldiers
• Sputnik:  Russian space satellite
• Led to NASA and NDEA

Brinkmanship

Korea and china back down

Middle East Crisis

Covert

Focus on developing nations

• These countries leaned towards Communism
• If they didn't want our money, we went in (CIA)
• Iran-overthrow Mossadegh
• Guatemala-overthrow Arbenz Guzman
• Hungary-challenges to KHRUSHCHEV

Ickle Me, pickle me, tickle u-2

• Ike tries to get along with Khruschchev
• But then they shoot down a spy plane
• Eisenhower warned against the... 
• MILITARY INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX:
• RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MILITARY AND DEFENSE INDUSTRY

And there's plenty more cold war where this came from

any questions?

good luck on your quiz tomorrow!