CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 16 PRESENTATION

16.1 PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS

SOLUTION FORMATION

• Stirring and solution
• Temperature and solution formation
• Particle and solution formation

SOLUBILTIY

• Temperature
• Pressure

16.2 CONCENTRAIONS OF SOLUTIONS

MOLARITY

• Molarity
• M=moles of solution/liters of solution
• Moles of solute=M1xV1=M2xV2

PERCENT SOLUTIONS

• Percent by volume(v/v)=volume of solute/volume of solution x 100
• Percent by mass(m/m)=mass of solute/mass of solution x 100

16.3 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS

VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING

• Colligative property: property which depends only the number of solute particles.

FREEZING-POINT DEPRESSION

• The difference in temp. between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent.

16.4 CALCULATIONS INVOLVING COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES

MOLALITY ANE MOLE FRACTION

• Molality=moles of solute/kg of solvent
• Mole fraction:
• 1) Xa=Na/Na + Nb
• 2) Xb=Nb/Na + Nb