SKILL

DCR

DETECTION

• The process of the registering of the stimulus, by the sense organ.

COMPARISON

• The process of referring the stimulus to the memory, to compare it to previously stored stimuli.

RECOGNITION

• The process of finding corresponding stimuli in the memory.

MEMORY

SHORT TERM SENSORY STORES (STSS)

SHORT TERM SENSORY STORES (STSS)

• All information coming in from the outside world can be stored in the short term sensory stores.
• They therefore have a large capacity, although these memories only last half a second.
• The first compartment of memory.
• Useful information will be encoded (putting information into a store)
• It is subconscious, if not immediately attended to, it is lost.

SHORT TERM MEMORY

SHORT TERM MEMORY

• Only attended information is moved from short term sensory stores to the short term memory
• Limited capacity of between 5 and 9 items, yet information can be retained for 60 seconds
• Chunking makes storing the information easier
• Very important when learning motor skills, need to be able to recall actions from other performances to compare it with the performance just completed
• Also called working memory, it is conscious memory as it relates to what we are thinking about at any given moment in time

SHORT TERM MEMORY

• The DCR process occurs in the short term memory
• If directed elsewhere the information is lost within 30 seconds
• It is important for a coach, the limited capacity of the short term memory means that instructions to learners should be brief, to the point, given when learner is paying attention
• Selective attention increases the time a stimulus remains in the short term memory
• It is created by our paying attention to an external stimulus, an internal thought, or both

LONG TERM MEMORY

LONG TERM MEMORY

• A store of past experiences of almost limitless capacity and long duration
• All information that enters is rehearsed and stored
• All information in the short term memory is stored in long term memory or lost
• Limitless capacity, items stored for dozens of years
• Information compared against new experiences, using long term memory involves the process of retrieval of information and passing it to the short term memory

CHUNKING

• Not storing single items like letters instead storing groups as single pieces of information

ENCODING

• Storing information
• Remembering a mobile number by repeating it over and over is an example of encoding

RETENTION AND RETRIEVAL FROM LONG TERM MEMORY IS INFLUENCED BY

• Rehearsal - the more a memory is rehearsed, the more likely it is that it will be remembered
• Meaningfulness - the more meaningful a memory is, the more likely it is to be remembered
• Speed of learning - the quicker a process is learned, the more likely it is to be remembered
• Over learning - the more a skill is practised, even when perfected, the better it will be remembered

SELECTIVE ATTENTION

• The process of picking out and focusing on those parts of the display that are relevant to our performance
• Allows us to focus on just a few of the millions of stimuli that are arriving