Justice

Justice Begins

• December 1942: Joint Allied Statement
• October 1943: Moscow Statement
• International Military Tribunal (IMT)
• First Major Trial: Nuremberg
• Begin Nov 20, 1945

Nuremberg

• 4 Allied Judges / U.S. 
• 24 Nazi Defendants 
• No posthumous prosecutions
• Cross-section of Nazi bureaucracy
• Crimes against humanity/peace, war crimes, conspiracy

The IMT defined crimes against humanity as "murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation...or persecutions on political, racial, or religious grounds."

Prosecution

• Robert Jackson (US)
• Reliance on Nazi documents
• Survivor testimony
• Thousands of documents generated

Convictions

• 3 of 4 judges required for conviction
• 12 sentenced to death
• Goering, Ribbentrop, Frank, Streicher
• 3 life sentences, 4 10-20 year sentences
• https://www.awesomestories.com/asset/view/Nuremberg-War-Crime-Trials-Death-...

Future Trials

• IMT: 12/46-4/49
• 12 further trials w/ 97/177 convictions
• After IMT: E/W/U Germany: 900+ proceedings / Many Criticisms
• Allied interests: Denazification
• http://www.ahctv.com/tv-shows/nazis-evolution-of-evil/nazis-evolution-of-ev...

Future Trials

• National Trials
• Krasnodar Trial 1942 (USSR)
• Krakow, Poland (1947): Höss
• Jerusalem, Israel (1961): Eichmann