SYNTAX
Published on Nov 20, 2015
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MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
BY
KIRAH
HUTCHISON
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. PARTICIPLES
2. PARTICIPLES EXAMPLE
3. PROGRESSIVE VERB TENSES
4. PROGRESSIVE VERB TENSES EXAMPLE
5. PERFECT VERB TENSES
6. PERFECT VERB TENSES EXAMPLE
7. CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
8. CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS EXAMPLE
9. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
10. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS EXAMPLE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
11. PREPOSITIONS
12. PREPOSITIONS EXAMPLE
13. APPOSITIVE
14. APPOSITIVE EXAMPLE
15. RELATIVE PRONOUNS
16. RELATIVE PRONOUN EXAMPLE
17. ADVERBS
18. ADVERB EXAMPLE
19. ADJECTIVES
20. ADJECTIVE EXAMPLE
21. ANTECEDENTS
22. ANTECEDENTS EXAMPLE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
23.PHRASES & CLAUSES
24.INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
25. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE EXAMPLE
26. DEPENDENT CLAUSE
27. DEPENDENT CLAUSE EXAMPLE
28. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION
29. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION EXAMPLE
30. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
31. PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE EXAMPLE
32. APPOSITIVE PHRASE
33. APPOSITIVE PHRASE EXAMPLE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
34.RELATIVE CLAUSE
35.RELATIVE CLAUSE EXAMPLE
36. ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
37. ADJECTIVE CLAUSE EXAMPLE
38.ADVERBIAL PHRASE
39. ADVERBIAL PHRASE EXAMPLE
40. ADVERBIAL CLAUSE
41.ADVERBIAL CLAUSE EXAMPLE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
42.SENTENCE BUILD 1
43.SENTENCE BUILD 1 PICTURE
44.SENTENCE BUILD 2
45.SENTENCE BUILD 2 PICTURE
46. SENTENCE BUILD 3
47. SENTENCE BUILD 3 PICTUREW
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PARTICIPLE: A participle is a form of a verb that is used in a sentence to modify a noun or a noun phrase and thus plays a role similar to that of an adjective or an adverb.
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EXAMPLE:
The raggedy doctor hopped back int his steaming TARDIS.
Which doctor? The raggedy doctor. Which TARDIS? The one that was steaming.
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PROGRESSIVE VERB TENSES:
Present progressive verb indicates something is going on now or continuing action.
The past progressive participle suggests something that was happening at one point but has now stopped.
The future progressive verb indicates something that will be happening at some point in the future. The verb is formed with the helping verbs "will" and "be".
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EXAMPLE:
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE-
Batman is fighting crime.
PAST PROGRESSIVE- Batman was fighting crime.
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE-
Batman will be fighting crime.
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PERFECT VERB TENSES: They are formed by the appropriate tense of the verb to have plus the past participle of the verb.
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EXAMPLES:
PRESENT PERFECT: I have seen the gremlins.(present tense of to have plus the participle)
PAST PERFECT: I had seen the gremlins.(past tense of to have plus participle)
FUTURE PERFECT: I will have seen the gremlins.( future tense of to have plus participle)
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CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS: A Conjunctive adverbs can join two main clauses together. A semicolon is needed when using a conjunctive adverb unless the break is weak.
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EXAMPLE:
Bananas are good; however, they are slightly radioactive.
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SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS:
A group of words that have a subject and a verb but cannot stand alone as a sentence. When the subordinating clause begins in a sentence, the subordinating clause is seporated from the independant clause with a comma. No comma is needed when the subordinating clause follows the independant clause.
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EXAMPLES:
After much effor, Bartholamue was excepted into Hogwarts as a Hufflepuff.
After is the sub. conjunction, much effort is the dependant clause, and Bartholamue was excepted into Hogwarts as a Hufflepuff is the independant clause.
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PREPOSITIONS:
A word thatshows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other word in a sentence.
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EXAMPLE:
The dumb Gryffindors in the forest are going to get eaten by a giant spider.
The word "in" shows relationship to the "Gryffindors".
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APPOSITIVES:
Appositives give us extra information about a subject. The are seporated from the rest of the sentence by a set of commas.
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EXAMPLE:
The adventurous hobbit, Bilbo Baggins, set out on an adventure.
"Bilbo Baggins" is the appositive.
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RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
A relative pronoun is a pronoun that introduces an adjective clause. It is used to star the description of a noun.
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EXAMPLE:
The girl who gave Katniss the mockingjay pin is a friend of hers.
The noun is "the girl" and the relative pronoun is "who."
ADVERBS:
A word or phrase that modifies an adjective, verb, or another adverb. It expresses a relation of place, time, circumstance, matter degree, etc.
EXAMPLE:
Sharks are very big and very scary.
The word "very" tells to what extent the shark was big and scary.
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ADJECTIVES:
Words that describe or modify a person or thing in the sentence.
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EXAMPLE:
The Weeping Angels are the loneliest creature in the universe because they can't look at each other.
Lonely is the adjective because it describes the Weeping Angels.
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ANTECEDENTS:
An antecedent is a pronoun refers to something previously mentioned before in the sentence.
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EXAMPLE:
If you see DireWolf20, tell him Nalbis_TimeLord was seriously damaged by some creepers on Minecraft.
In this sentence, "him" is the pronoun and refers back to "DireWolf20," the antecedent.
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PHRASE: A group of words acting as a single part of speech and not containing both a subject and a verb. It does not form a complete thought.
CLAUSE: It contains both a subject and a verb.
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INDEPENDENT CLAUSE:
A complete sentence with both a subject and a verb. It forms a complete thought.
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EXAMPLE:
My banana slug crawled away.
The subject is the "banana slug" and the verb is "crawled."
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DEPENDENT CLAUSE:
Contains both a subject and a verb but does not make a complete thought and is usually put with an independent clause to form a complex sentence.
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EXAMPLE:
If you are bitten by a zombie, you will turn into one.
"If you are bitten" is the independent clause and the dependent that is put with it to form a complex sentence is"you will turn into one."
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SUBORDINATING CLAUSE:
A clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.
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EXAMPLE:
She had a pretty gift for quotation, which is a serviceable substitute for knowledge.(W Somerset Maugham,1874-1964)
"Which is a serviceable substitute for wit" is the the subordinate clause.
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PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES:
Prepositions indicate location so, a prepositional phrase is a location and what's located ( the noun). Some prepositions also work as subordinate conjunction.
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EXAMPLE:
After the Giants won the World Series, everyone went back to ignoring the Royals.
After is the subordinate conjunction, "Giants" is the subject, and "won" is the verb.
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APPOSITIVE PHRASE:
Appositive phrases consist of the appositive and its modifiers which may themselves be phrases.
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EXAMPLE:
Boba Fett, the best Star Wars character, wears Mandalorian armor.
"The nest Star Wars character" is the appositive phrase in this sentence. It describes Boba Fett further.
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RELATIVE CLAUSES:
Will contain a subject and a verb, begin with a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, that or which) or a relative adverb (when, where, why), and it will function as an adjective, answering: What kind? How many? or Which one?
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EXAMPLE:
Jake said good night to his room mate Fin, who continued to play video games until his eyes were blurry with fatigue.
"Who" is the relative pronoun functioning as the subject and "played" is the verb.
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ADJECTIVE PHRASES:
A phrase that tells something about the noun it is modifying.
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EXAMPLE:
My mother seemed fairly pleased that Peyton Manning was on her Fantasy Football team.
" Pleased" is the head adjective in the adjective phrase" fairly pleased that Peyton Manning was on her team."
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ADJECTIVE CLAUSE:
A dependent clause that modifies a noun and begins with a relative pronoun.
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EXAMPLE:
Growling ferociously, Dodge and Ford, Patrick's two dogs, competed for the slice of ham that fell onto the kitchen floor.
"That fell onto the kitchen floor" is the phrase.
"That" is the relative pronoun and "fell" is the verb.
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ADVERBIAL PHRASE:
Two or more words that play the role of an adverb.
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EXAMPLE:
Schroeder will sit in silence.
"In silence" is the adverbial phrase.
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ADVERBIAL CLAUSE:
Has a subject and a verb and is kept from expressing a complete thought with a subordinating conjunction. It also answers one of the three adverbial questions: How? When? or Why?
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EXAMPLE:
If you pay your bills, you will not have to worry about disappearing "mysteriously."
"If you pay your bills" is the adverbial clause.
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SENTENCE BUILD:
The dingo ate.(simple sentence)
The dingo ate, which made him satisfied.(subordinating clause)
The dingo ate, which made him satisfied; however, he still killed the farmer's chicken.(conjunctive adverb)
The dingo, a yellowish wild dog, ate, which made him satisfied; however, he still killed the farmer's sheep.(appositive)
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SENTENCE BUILD:
The Silence watch.(simple sentence)
The Silence watch; however, they sometimes get tired of doing so.(conjunctive adverb)
The Silence, a religious group of aliens that resemble Slenderman, watch; however, they sometimes get bored of doing so.(appositive)
The Silence, a very religious group of aliens that resemble Slenderman, watch; however, they sometimes get quite bored of doing so.(adjective)
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SENTENCE BUILD:
The kangaroo pushed.(simple sentence)
The kangaroo, Jeff, pushed the baby carriage.(appositive)
The kangaroo, Jeff, pushed the baby carriage,which held Brian the giraffe.(subordinating clause)
The kangaroo, Jeff, pushed the baby carriage, which held Brian the very small giraffe.(adjective)
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