The lute was used by the ancient Greeks. It was used to make folk music and dance. The difference between this and the guitar is the strings are in pairs of two instead of just one.It's modern relative is the mandolin.
The lute was made out of solid wood while the mandolin is made out of fiberglass. The strings of the lute are made out of male goat insides and the mandolin strings are made out of steel like a guitar.
The lute was used in Europe for 500 years. For some time it was the most important instrument is European culture. The first variation of the lute was in North Africa. It was called the ud. It came to Europe in 1000 AD. There it was adapted to fit needs.
Like the guitar the strings vibrate though the hallow body of the instrument. This is what amplifies the sound so it can be heard. That is why without an amp electric guitars can't be heard.