Cold war vocab

17th

• Provisional military demarcation line 
•  Located between North and South Vietnam
• Established by the Geneva Accords of 1954

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bay of pigs

• 17 April 1961
• A failed military invasion of Cuba 
• Undertaken by the CIA-sponsored paramilitary group Brigade 2506
• Intended to overthrow the revolutionary government of Fidel Castro

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Berlin Airlift

• Western countries like the US & Britain flew supplies to West Berlin
• 200,000 flights in one year
• Provided up to 4,700 tons of necessities daily
• Was successful and embarrassed the Soviets

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Berlin wall

• Began construction on 13 August 1961
• Barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic
• Cut off West Berlin from East Germany and East Berlin

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Boris yeltson

• Russian politician & 1st President of the Russian Federation
• Served from 1991 to 1999
• Emerged under the perestroika reforms
• Gorbachev's most powerful political opponent
• Vowed to transform Russia's socialist command economy into a free market

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brezhnev doctrine

• August 1968
• Soviet Union foreign policy
• Was announced to justify the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia
• Ended the Prague Spring
• No country could leave the Warsaw Pact or disturb a communist party's power

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brinkmanship

• Act of 2 sides pushing each other to the limit until 1 side backs down
• Occurs in international politics, foreign policy, and  military strategy
• During the Cold War, leaders used this when threating nuclear war

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containment

• US policy to prevent the spread of communism
• Component of the Cold War
• Response to moves by the Soviet Union to enlarge communist influence

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destalinization

• Process of reform in the Soviet Union after the death Joseph Stalin in 1953
• Changed or removed key institutions that helped Stalin hold power

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détente

• Easing of strained relations, especially in a political situation
• Refers to easing geo-political tensions between the Soviet Union & the US 
• Began in 1969 as a foreign policy of U.S. presidents Nixon and Ford

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eisenhower doctrine

• Speech by President Dwight David Eisenhower on 5 January 1957
• A Middle Eastern country could request  US aid if was being threatened
• Made in response to the possibility of a generalized war

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fidel castro

• Cuban communist revolutionary and politician
• Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and President from 1976 to 2008
• led the Cuban Revolution
• Formed an economic and military alliance with the Soviets
• Soviets could place nuclear weapons there sparking the Cuban Missile Crisis

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george kennan

• American adviser, diplomat, political scientist, and historian
• Best known as "the father of containment"
• His witings inspired the Truman Doctrine  and US foreign policies
• He wrote the Long Telegram in 1946

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gorbachev

• Seventh and last leader of the Soviet Union
• General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991
• The country's head of state from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991
• Policies of glasnost ("openness") and perestroika ("restructuring")

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helsinki Accords

• The final act of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe
• 35 states signed to improve relations between the Communist bloc & the West
• Were not binding as they did not have treaty status

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ho chi minh

• Vietnamese communist revolutionary leader
• Prime minister and president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
• Established the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, PAVN, & Việt Cộng

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inf treaty

• Agreement between the US and Soviet Union signed by Reagan and Gorbachev
• Eliminated nuclear ground-launched ballistic & cruise missiles

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iron curtain

• Symbolized the conflict & physical boundary dividing Europe into 2 areas
• Lasted from the end of World War II until the end of the Cold War
• East side had countries connected to the Soviet Union
• West side had countries in non-Soviet-controlled areas

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jfk

• American politician who served as the 35th President of the US
• He was apart of the Bay of Pigs Invasion, Cuban Missile Crisis, Space Race,
• building the Berlin Wall, Civil Rights Movements, & Vietnam War
• November 22, 1963 assassinated

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khrushchev

• Russian politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War
• First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964
• Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or Premier, from 1958 to 1964
• Responsible for the destalinization of the Soviet Union
• His party colleagues removed him from power in 1964

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lech walesa

• Polish politician, trade-union organizer, philanthropist and human-rights activist
• Co-founded Solidarity, the Soviet bloc's first independent trade union
• President of Poland from 1990 to 1995

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long telegram

• 8000-word telegram to the Department of State
• Written by Kennan detailing his views on the Soviet Union
• Posited concepts that became the foundation of American Cold War policy
• Exposited Soviet weaknesses and proposed U.S. strategy

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