Great Britian

A statue of Emmiline PAnkhurst

In society women were considered to be inferior to men, so in 1803 women began to protest for their rights to be treated as equals. It wasn't until 1870 that women could own their own land in Great Britain. Emmeline founded the WSPU in 1903. The leaders of this organization were often punished because they would burn railroads, throw eggs at government officials, and smash the windows in boutiques just to gain publicity. She was considered one of the main leaders of the Feminism movement.
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class structures

Class Systems

• 5% were the upperclass who had the best schooling. 
• 15% were the middle class. They were schooled specifically for their job.
• 80% were the lower class. They had little to no schooling
• Upperclass and middle class could interact if the business was join well.
• Lower and middle could interact if the lower class business was thriving.

The population increase

Growth of Population

• This chart shows the dramatic growth of the population overtime
• This was caused by the major cities being urbanized. 
• Families moved to find jobs all at once causing the sudden  
• Many new jobs were available in the city and farming was not as common.

Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh

Viscount OF Castlereagh,

• He was the British foreign secretary from 1812-1822
• Viscount rallied the great powers to overthrow Napoleon.
• He was a large part of  creating the Concert of Europe.
• Known as one of the most distinguished foreign secretary in British History
• In 1815 he helped redraw the map of Europe at The Congress of Vienna.

The corn laws

Corn laws

• This law kept corn at a high cost, made in 1815 and it lasted until 1846.
• This protected English Farmers from cheap imported foreign grains.  
• Nobility and landowners were the main beneficiaries of this law.
• Working class had to spend a majority of their income on corn to survive.
• Many factory workers lost their jobs because no one had extra money to spen

The Peterloo mAssacre painting

the Peterloo massacre

• In 1819 their was a clash between  
• This occurred during a period of huge political tension and mass protest.  
• Less than 2% of the population was able to vote.
• The corn law was causing bread to be made unaffordable.
• The population was starving and angry at the government causing a massacre 

Photograph of Charles Bradlaugh

Charles Bradlaugh

• In 1880, he refused to take the oath because of his atheism 
• In 1886 a customary oath was made. A MP argued for a change in the law. 
• The Oaths Act of 1888 allowed people of no religion, to take the oath 
• The Oath changed "Swear by God" to "Solemnly Affirm".
• Any religion could take the oath and accept their seats in parliament. 

David salomons

Salomons

• In 1846 parliament passed the Religious Disabilities Act.
• This allowed jews the same rights and freedoms as everybody else.
• In 1858 David Salomons was the first Jewish Lord Mayor of London

Welsh place of worship

Religon Census

• In 1851 Britain's only religious concensus
• Only one fifth of the population showed up. 
• Out of a population of 17,927,609 only 7,261,032 showed up.
• The part of the population that didn't attend were the urban working class.

Percent of Religious Group

an Image of Sir henry Bessemer

Sir Henry Bessemer

• In 1856 he patented the Bessemer process.
• This process makes high quality steel cheap and effectively..  
• This became a commercial success by using it in many different ways.
• Constructing buildings were easier.
•  The iron railroads were replaced with steel. These were some of the uses.

Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander Graham bell

• He developed a way to transmit two message across a single wire.
• The method worked in labs but was unreliable in service
• In 1876 he patented hit latest model and it worked.
• Later on he modified his invention and named it the telephone
• Bells creation was used to save lives during the Boer war. 1899-1902.

William Sturgeon

William Sturgeon

• He invented the first electromagnetic  able to support more than its weigh
• This led to the telegraph, the electric motor, and many other inventions.
• The electromagnetic has an electric current that can be turned on or off.
• In 1832 he built an electric motor making  many different jobs much easier.

A painting of The mechanical reaper

The mechanical reaper

• In 1855 John Deere patented the steel plow. 
• He sold more than 1300 a year.
• This invention made harvesting grains easier and more efficient
• The crop sizes doubled since they were able to harvest and plant more crops

The Light Bulb

The light bulb

• In 1878 Joseph Swan developed the carbon filament bulb.
• The bulb was highly inefficient but it replaced the hazardous fire lamps.
• These lights allowed the factories to stay open later to produce more goods
• They proved to be very helpful and became widely popular. 

Photography

The Invention of photography

• In 1819 he discovered the use of insoluble silver salts.
• These salts help to project the picture captured onto paper to keep.
• He also invented another process using sensitized paper for the image. 

Currency

Currency

• The English dollar is called a pound.
• During the 1830's there was a problem with the money being counterfeited
• To help with this problem England created token as anther form of money.
• The percent of fake money being used was reduced to 5%.
• Some families were only making £2~£3 pounds a year

Britains postal service

Postal Service

• Britain's postal service was expensive and complicated to use.  
• In 1835 a committee of inquiry was created to help the complicated process.
• In 1837 Rowland Hill created the uniform post rate of one penny. 
• The postal rate applied to all mail regardless of the distance.

Business in Britain

Untitled Slide

• There were many business levels in Britain's 19th century
• The lower class businesses had little money to start a successful business.
• The higher class business were able to advertise.
• The ability to advertise brought more business to them. 
• In the late 19th century the wealthy business thrived just like a beehive.