Vertebrates
Published on Nov 21, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-VERTEBRATE CHORDATES
- Only chordates that lack a backbone
- Have a nerve cord, notachord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail sometime in development.
GROUPS OF NON VERTEBRATE CHORDATES
- Two major groups, tunicates and lancelets
- Lancelets - fishlike, bilateral symmetry, live in salt water, filter feeders.
- Tunicates - filter feeders, live in salt water, have a hard outer covering called a tunic. Some are stationary and free swimming.
IMPORTANCE TO HUMANS
- Some chordates help with the production of antiviral medications.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FISHES
- Have paired fins, scales, and gills.
- "Fish" is used to describe aquatic vertebrates that look similar even though they're in different clades.
- All are adapted to life in water
GROUPS OF FISHES
- Jawless fishes
- Cartilaginous fishes
- Bony fishes
IMPORTANCE TO HUMANS
- Fish are an important food source for humans
Untitled Slide
SUBPHYLUM VERBRATA
AMPHIBIANS
KEY CHARACRERISTICS
- Most live in water as larvae and on land as adults
- Breathe with lungs
- Lack scales and claws
- Moist skin
GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS
- Urodela: salamanders and newts
- Apoda, caecilians
- Anura: frogs and toads
IMPORTANCE TO HUMANS
- They eat pest insects that spread malaria
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
- Ectothermic vertebrates
- Dry, scaly skin
- Lungs
- Amniotic eggs
- Kidneys
Photo by atomicshark
GROUPS OF REPTILES
- Sphenodonta: tuataras
- Squamata: lizards, snakes, and relatives
- Archosaurs: crocodilians, dinosaurs and birds
- Testudine: turtles and tortoises
IMPORTANCE TO HUMANS
- The blood of an alligator may soon provide medicines that can save lives.
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
- Endothermic reptiles with feathers
- Hard shelled amniotic eggs
- Two scaly legs
- Two wings for flight
- No teeth
- One way flow of air
GROUPS OF BIRDS
- Paleognthae: ostriches, emus, kiwis, and relatives
- Spheniscidae: penguins
- Anatidae- ducks, geese, and swans
- Falconidae and Accipitridae: Falcons, Eagles, and Hawks.
- Picidae and Ramphastidae: woodpeckers and tucans
- Passeriformes: Passerines
IMPORTANCE TO HUMANS
- Birds destroy harmful insects, keep down the population of rats, and pollinate flowering plants
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
- Hair
- Mammary glands
- Lungs
- Highly evolved brain
- Flexible back bone
GROUPS OF MAMMALS
- Monotremata: monotremes
- Marsupialia: marsupials
- Placentalia: placental mammals
IMPORTANCE TO HUMANS
- Humans have depended on other mammals for food and clothing
CHARACTERISTICS OF ALL ANIMALS
- Multicellular
- Heterotrophic
- Eukaryotes
