Most recent amalgamation of continents.
Pangea - All Lands
Panthalasa - All Seas
Formed - 300 mya ( early Permian )
Fragmented - 200 mya ( early Jurassic )

Previous supercontinents
Columbia - 1600 mya
Rodinia - 1000 mya

German geophysicist
Theorized Continental Drift and introduced Plate Tectonics

Evidence
1. Continents fit together like a puzzle
2. Fossil correlation
3. Rock correlation
4. Paleoclimate data (ice and coal cores)

Rejected by many as he failed to explain the mechanism by which plates move.

Viscous fluid in the asthenosphere circulates as convectional currents move the lithosphere from underneath.

Radioactivity deep within mantle provides heat for convectional currents.

Heat reduces density of molten rocks so they rise. Upon cooling, their densities increase and they sink again. Rising and falling currents due to density differences result in a convection cell.

Both continental and oceanic plates float on the mantle because they are less dense.

Alexander theorized Gondwanaland and Laurasia to be primordial supercontinents which combined to form Pangea.

Triassic 200 mya - Pangea subsequently split into

Gondwanaland - southern cluster of modern day Antarctica, India, Australia, South America and Africa.

Laurasia - northern cluster of North America, Europe and Asia.

Hotspots on continents through which magma flows onto the surface forming new crust.

Continental plates float higher than ocean plates because they are less dense.

Sea floor spreading renews oceanic crust as it is being destroyed at subduction zones.

Constant recycling of oceanic crust leaves it no older than 70 million years.

Oceanic Plates subduct and melt at subduction zones because they are more dense and thus, float at a lower level above the mantle.

An attempt to explain why plates slowly combine to form a mosaic and then eventually separate themselves or change pattern.

Pangea started breaking apart.

Developing coastlines of Africa and South America.

Earliest evidence of Trinidad.

Tethys Ocean.

Formation of seven small continents.

Asian Alaskan land bridge developed.

Northern and Southern Atlantic forming.

Tethys Ocean contracts.

India as a subcontinent.

Atlantic Ocean widening.

Pacific Ocean contracting.

India joins Asia.

Central America forming isthmus between North America and South America.

Future supercontinent in 250 million years.

Introversion theory - Atlantic and Indian oceans would widen until new subduction zones form causing them to collapse forming Pangea Ultima.

Extroversion theory - Atlantic widens, Pacific contracts and Americas collide with Asia forming Amasia.

In essence, plate tectonics coupled with convectional currents has been bringing together and ripping continents apart. The continents spend millions of years on a quest to be together. However, piling stress and the forces beneath them result in their subsequent separation.

All this drama birthed the most unique oceanic plate, the Caribbean Plate. Believed to have originated from the Pacific and disregarding the norms of being an oceanic crust, the Caribbean plate overrides continental plate, South America. Thus, engaging in its peculiar array of motions.

Definitive controller and witness to all earth processes.
The Earth is constantly changing and may never repeat its shape or composition at any given time.