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Published on Nov 23, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
1.
Photo by
wbeem
2.
WHAT IS A PLANT?
Plants are autotrophs
They are eukaryotes
They are multicellular
Have cell walls
They have chloroplasts and a vacuole
Photo by
55Laney69
3.
ADAPTATIONS FOR LIVING ON LAND.
Plants must soak up water from soil
Also, the cuticle helps water from leaking out of it
Big plants use vascular tissue to transport water and materials
Rigid cell walls and vascular tissue help support the plants
Plants have to reproduce
Photo by
Stuck in Customs
4.
NONVASCULAR PLANTS
Plants that lack well-developed systems of tubes
They are low-growing plants with no roots
Get water from there surroundings and not from roots
The three major ones are mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
They have a thin cell wall and can't grow large
Photo by
blmiers2
5.
MOSSES
There are more than 10,000 species of mosses
rhizoids anchor the moss to the ground and get water and nutrients from the soil
They are mostly diverse group of Nonvascular plants
They live in dark and shady places
Moss has a stalk that leads to the capsule
Photo by
elisbrown
6.
LIVERWORTS
Liverworts have sporophytes that are too small to see
There are over 8,000 species of them
"Wort" means plant in older English
They often grow on rocks or soil
They look like a human liver
Photo by
Hornet Photography
7.
HORNWORTS
More than 100 species
They are usually found on trees and rocks
They are usually live in damp soil and hide in the grass
They are named for their slender and curved shape
Some of them are sporophytes
Photo by
loarie
8.
SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS
Ferns, club mosses, and horsetails have true vascular tissue
They can grow tall, unlike mosses
Their cells have strong cell walls to hold them up
Vascular tissue help hold it up too
Photo by
BlueRidgeKitties
9.
VASCULAR PLANTS
Over 12,000 species
Leaves grow upward from the topside of their stem
The leaves have a coating that keeps the water inside
It's in the sporophyte stage of a plant
If it's spores land in a shady, wet place, it goes to a gametophyte
Photo by
blhphotography
10.
HORSETAILS
There are very few species
There stems are jointed
There stems have silica in them
Americans used them to scrub there pots and pans
They are named horsetails because they look like horse tails
Photo by
agaudin
11.
CLUB MOSSES
They have true roots, leaves, and stems
They only have a few hundred species
There life cycle is like a ferns
Called both, ground pine and princess pine
They grow near streams and moist woodlands
Photo by
dogtooth77
12.
SEED PLANTS
Rice, peas, and squash are some seed plants we eat
Oak, pine, and maple trees are seed plants too
They make most of the oxygen we breath
They have vascular tissue and use pollen and seeds to reproduce
They have a complex life cycle
Photo by
CarolMunro
13.
VASCULAR TISSUE: PHLOEM/XYLEM
VASCULAR TISSUE TRANSPORTS FOOD WATER AND NUTRIENTS
Phloem and xylem are the two types of vascular tissue
Phloem is the vascular tissue in which the food moves
Water and minerals travel in xylem
The roots get the water and minerals from the roots
Photo by
Tatcher a Hainu
14.
POLLEN AND SEEDS
Seed plants make pollen
Pollen contains sperm, the pollen carries it directly to the egg
When the egg is fertilized, seeds are produced
A seed contains the plant, which is protected by a covering
The seed protects the plant from drying out
Photo by
MightyBoyBrian
15.
SEED STRUCTURE
The three main parts of a seed are the embryo, stored food, and the seed coat
The embryo has its roots, stems, and leaves
When the embryo starts to grow more, it uses the stored food until it can make its own using photosynthesis
Cotyledons is when embryos have one ore more seed leaves
The seed coat is the coating on the outside of the seed
Photo by
eflon
16.
SEED DISPERSAL
Seed dispersal is when the seeds are scattered somewhere else
Seeds are dispersed by animals, water, wind, and by being ejected by the plant
Wind carries them away somewhere further from the plant
Water carries the seed to a more stable environment
Animals can get them in there fur and drop them other places
Photo by
Steve Snodgrass
17.
GERMINATION
Germination happens when the embryo pushes from the seed and sprouts
Germination occurs when a seed soaks up water from the soil and starts growing
The embryo of the seed uses its stored food to start growing again
When the seeds are visible, the plant begins to be a seedling
The seed has a better chance to live when it is dispersed so it doesn't share resources with its parents
Photo by
wit
18.
ROOTS
Most roots, like trees, have good anchors, keeping them in the ground
The roots functions are to anchor the plant, absorb water and minerals from the soil, and sometimes store food
The bigger the plant is, the more minerals and water it takes in
The root cap helps the root from getting damaged by rocks and other stuff that can penetrate the root
Phloem transports food that is made in the roots and leaves
Photo by
mauro.cordioli
19.
STEMS
The two main functions of the stem is to carry minerals to the leaves and roots and to support the plant
Stems can be herbaceous or woody
herbaceous and woods stems have phloem and xylem tissue
Cambium makes new phloem and xylem
Xylem makes most of the "wood"
Photo by
chefranden
20.
LEAVES
Leaves use photosynthesis to make food by capturing the suns light
Stoma means "mouth". Stoma look like mouths
Carbon dioxide enters a leaf when the stoma opens while oxygen and water vapor exit it
Cells in the upper part of the plant have chloroplasts because there is much more sun at the top than the bottom
Transpiration happens when water evaporates in the plant leaves
Photo by
Edgar Barany
21.
GYMNOSPERMS
Gymnosperms are seed plants that make naked seeds
All gymnosperms produce other naked seeds
Many gymnosperms have needle-like leaves
They are the oldest seed plant
There are only four groups that exist that we know of
Photo by
prayingmother
22.
EXAMPLES OF GYMNOSPERMS
The four types are cycads, conifers, ginkgoes, and gnetophytes
Cycads can grow bigger than a football field. Over 175 million years ago, most plants were cycads
Conifers keep there needles/leaves for as long as they live
Only one species of ginkgoes is on this earth. That type is called ginkgo biloba
Gnetophytes grow in deserts and can live over 1000 years
Photo by
gjshepherd_br
23.
ANGIOSPERMS
Rafflesias are a type of angiosperm that smells like rotten meat
Angiosperms are also known as flowering plants
They also have to important traits. The first one is, they make flowers. Second they make seeds enclosed by fruit
They can live almost anywhere on the planet
They grow in freezing places, tropical jungles, barren deserts, and even at the edge of the ocean
Photo by
ajimns
24.
EXAMPLES OF ANGIOSPERMS
Angiosperms have two major species
Plants like grasses and lilies and tulips are some types of monocots
They have long, slender veins and have three pedals
Roses and dandelions are some types of dicots
The dicots veins branch lots and lots of times, they have four or five pedals
Photo by
likeaduck
25.
MONOCOT VS. DICOT
There are many differences between monocot and dicot plants
Seed: monocots have one cotyledon, but dicots have two
Leaf: dicots have branching veins, monocots are parallel
Stem: monocots have bundles of vascular tissue that is scattered, dicots are arranged in a ring
Flower: the dicots part in either four or five, while monocots are parted in threes
Photo by
Philerooski
26.
PLANT TROPISMS
The response to how a plant grows is called tropism
Touch: the plants have a positive thigmotropism toward other objects
Light: the plant grows toward the light because they get more energy by having more light
Gravity: stems grow upward but roots grow downward
Hormones and tropisms: a chemical that effects how a plant interacts and grows
Photo by
Jsome1
Kyle Harris
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