Pneumonia

Outline

• Introduction
• Signs and Symptoms
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• General Management

What is Pneumonia?

It is inflammation of the airspaces in the lungs, most commonly due to an infection.

Infection

Untitled Slide

Pneumonia

• It is infection to your lungs.
• Characterized primarily by inflammation of the alveoli in the lungs (alveoli are microscopic sacs in the lungs that absorb oxygen).

Pneumonia affects your lungs in three ways.

Types of Pneumonia

• Lobar pneumonia: affects a section of a lung.
• Bronchial pneumonia (Bronchopnumonia) : affects patches throughout both lungs.
• Lipoid Pneumonia : accumulation of fats

Lobar Pneumonia

Bronchopneumonia

Signs and Symptoms

Signs and Symptoms

• High fever
• Shortness of breath (Dyspnoea)
• Increased breathing rate
• Chest Painwhen you breathe deeply or cough

Signs and Symptoms

• Cough, particularly cough productive of sputum
• Nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea
• Fatigue and muscle aches
• Dusky or purplish skin color (cyanosis) from poorly oxygenated blood

Signs and Symptoms

• Streptococcus pneumonia:Rust-colored sputum
• Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, and pneumococcal species: produces green sputum
• Klebsiella species pneumonia: Red curran-jelly sputum
• Anaerobic infections: Often produce foul-smelling or bad tasting sputum

Who gets Pneumonia?

Who gets Pneumonia?

• Recent viral respiratory infection
• Difficulty swallowing due to stroke.
• Chronic lung disease such as COPD, bronchietasis or cystic fibrosis
• Serious illnesses, heart disease, liver cirrhosis, or diabetes
• Cigarette Smoking.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis

• Chest X-rays
• Blood tests
• Sputum test
• Bronchoscopy

Treatment

Treatment

• Antibiotic medications are the treatment of choice for pneumonia caused by bacterial and fungal infections.

Pneumonia Alert

Pneumonia Alert

• Don't smoke.
• Practice good hygiene.
• Stay rested and fit.
• Wearing surgical masks by the sick may also prevent illness.
• Get a Pneumonia Vaccination.