POLICING: PAST & PRESENT

Ancient Societies

• no official law enforcement function and very little, attempt at organization.
• families took it upon themselves to take revenge against those who may have offended them

new concept of policing

• This community policing model was called the "frankpledge"
• All males over the age of 12 to join a group of 9 of their neighbors
• grouped together to form a "hundred," placed under the supervision of a constable

Justices of the Peace

• Justices of the peace were appointed by the king
• Authority to issue warrants and held arraignment hearings for suspected criminals
• They tried cases involving misdemeanors and civil infractions

SOCIAL CONTROL

• Three different types of social control: private, parochial, and public
• Most basic form of social control is at the private level
• Private level: carried out by family, friends, and other informal social groups
• Parochial level: schools, churches, neighborhood groups, and businesses
• Public level: governmental organizations such as the police and regulatory agencies

PROPOSITIONS ABOUT POLICE INNOVATION

• Police resistance to innovation is cultural – occupation-wide
• The higher the rank, the more receptivity there is to innovation
• Older officers are more resistant to innovation than younger officers
• Officers with more education are more receptive to innovation than those with less

WORKS CITED

• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0078111498/831398/waL11498_ch...
• Google Images