PRO-SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

RECIPROCITY

• An obligation to return what another person has done for you
• Reciprocal norms are found in every culture.
• Direct: I help you, you help me.
• Indirect: I help her, she helps you, you help me.
• Lack of reciprocity may be due to indebtedness,rejection, vulnerability

FAIRNESS

• Standard established by society
• Equity: benefits matches input
• Equality: everyone gets the same thing
• When measuring giving, givers are less depressed.

BEHAVIORS

• Cooperation - common goal
• Based on reciprocity; everyone must do their part
• Prisoners dilemma: cooperation
• A & B both betray, each gets 2 years - if both are silent, both get 1 year
• If A betrays but B remains silent, A gets no time, B gets 3 years

MOTIVES FOR HELPING

• Evolutionary
• Egoism - motive for helping is self-centered
• Altruism - motivated by empathy - emotional response
• A highly empathetic brain processes emotion as if experiencing it
• Study: shocked me or my partner, same brain response for highly empathetic