Radiation
Published on Nov 19, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
What Is Radiation? ✨
ENERGY THAT COMES FROM A SOURCE AND TRAVELS THROUGH SOME MATERIAL OR THROUGH SPACE
DIFFERENT TYPES
ALPHA RADIATION
- During alpha decay, atomic nucleus release an alpha particle
- They are similar to Helium Nuclei and can only happen in heavy elements (uranium, radium)
- The particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons
- Alpha particles are the least penetrating and can only travel a few cm in the air
- Radiation with least energy
particles lack the energy to penetrate the outer dead layer of skin.However, if alpha emitters have been inhaled, ingested (swallowed), or absorbed into the blood stream, sensitive living tissue can be exposed to alpha radiation. The resulting biological damage increases the risk of cancer;
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BETTA RADIATION
- Beta radiation is ionizing radiation resulting from the decay of radioisotopes where a beta particle is emitted.
- Beta particles are electrons
- beta radiation is in between alpha and gamma, it goes a meter or so in air
- Beta decay occurs within the nucleus and the decaying on had a lower energy
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Beta radiation can cause both acute and chronic health effects. Acute exposures are uncommon. Contact with a strong beta source from an abandoned industrial instrument is the type of circumstance in which acute exposure could occur. Chronic effects are much more common. The main chronic health effect from radiation is cancer.
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Iodine-131 concentrates heavily in the thyroid gland. It increases the risk of thyroid cancer and other disorders.
Strontium-90 accumulates in bon
Strontium-90 accumulates in bon
GAMMA
- This in when the nucleus is in its "excited" state
- It usually still has excess energy to give off
- It does it by producing a gamma ray
- Similar to microwaves; but very high in energy
- Couple of gamma emitters
Gamma rays are similar to X-rays. To much exposure is way bad for humans. "Radiation sickness
GAMMA EMITTERS
CESIUM-137
- Used for:
- cancer treatment
- measure soil density at construction sites
- ensure the proper fill level for packages of food, drugs and other products.
cancer treatment
measure and control the flow of liquids in numerous industrial processes
investigate subterranean strata in oil wells
measure soil density at construction sites
ensure the proper fill level for packages of food, drugs and other products.
measure and control the flow of liquids in numerous industrial processes
investigate subterranean strata in oil wells
measure soil density at construction sites
ensure the proper fill level for packages of food, drugs and other products.
COBALT-60
- Used for:
- Cancer treatment
- sterilize medical equipment in hospitals
- pasteurize certain foods and spices
