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Slide Notes

Tourism paradox: it depends upon but also contribute to the degradation of natural resources.

Impact at local level ( destination) as well as global level (climate change, global warming)

RDM4149 W5 (1)

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

RDM4149 SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS PRACTICES

THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF TOURISM
Tourism paradox: it depends upon but also contribute to the degradation of natural resources.

Impact at local level ( destination) as well as global level (climate change, global warming)
Photo by Jill Clardy

POLLUTION

NOISE, LAND, AIR & WATER
Noise level
Physical pollution (litter, garbage, waste water, emissions)
As a tourist, you automatically pollute more. Why? Discuss.
Air pollution: short air flights highest co2 factor of all modes of transportation 0.206 compared to 0.027 for rail and 0.133 for cars or even 0.111 for more than 2000km flights

HEAVY AND OVER-USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES

From passive (landscape, scenery) to very intensive use (ski slopes, hiking trails, natural parks, etc.).

Use of water: pools, golf courses, artificial snow making.

German tourist and use of energy: to Thailand 97% use for transportation back and forth only
Photo by Kirt Edblom

1 GALLON=3.8 LITERS

Untitled Slide

ARTIFICIAL SNOW

WATER USAGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
In the US waste water starts to be used for snowmaking

Water consumed for snowmaking in the Alps for one winter season equals the annual water consumption of a city of 500'000 inahbitants

15cm of snow on a soccer field (7266m2) consumes 570'000 liters of water

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

VISUAL POLLUTION - URBAN & RURAL SPRAWL
Caused by develoment of infrastructure (for example

Concept of urban and rural sprawl

Erosion due to the heavy use of parh or beaches

Taking plants, rocks, seashells, etc. as souvenirs

Zoning and regulations as solutions

VERBIER 1965

VERBIER 2008

BEACH VOLLEYBALL STADIUM

ATHENS 2004

DIVING STADIUM

ATHENS 2004

BEACH VOLLEYBALL STADIUM

BEIJING 2008

BMX TRACK

BEIJING 2008

ROWING CANALS

BEIJING 2008

AND TODAY

WILDLIFE DISTURBANCE

DISRUPTION OF PATTERNS AND INCREASED STRESS
Disruption of breeding and feeding patterns
Disruption of habitat and displacement
Disruption of behaviors
Debris: entanglement and swallowing (birds in sea, alpine faune)
Photo by Harsh1.0

POSITIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

SUPPORTING CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION
Tourism brings education
Adoption programmes
Volunteer tourism
Entrance fees, direct donations, sponsorship, pecentage redistributed for conservation and protection by the tourism industry or other industry (see Patagonia, Icebreaker, CSR policies)

Alain Imboden

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