Relative Pronouns

What are relative pronouns?

• Used to describe a noun and begin a relative clause
• Noun described is called the antecedent
• Antecedent is usually located before relative clause
• Relative pronouns, in Latin, translate as 'who, whom, which'

How are Rel. Pronouns Formed?

• Always match the number+gender of antecedent
• Case is matched with rest of relative clause
• Does not match case with antecedent!
• Find case by separating clause from rest of sentence

RELATIVE PRONOUN CHART

Examples

• rex, quem voco, non respondet. The king, whom I call, does not reply.
• canis, cui cibum dedi, latravit. The dog, to whom I gave food, barked. 
• puellae, quae tristis erant, lacrimaverunt. The girls, who were sad, cried.
• arbor, sub quo sedebem, decidit. The tree, under which I was sitting, fell.
• naves, quae in aqua sunt, navigant. The ships which are in the water sail.

Examples to translate

• mercatores, cum quibus laborabam, advenit. 
• puellae puerique, quibus responderam, clamaverunt.
• feminae laetae, quas specto, saltat.
• pater, qui agricolam ferociter pulsavit, iratus erat.

Answers

• The merchants, with whom I used to work, arrived.
• The boys and girls, to whom I had replied, shouted. 
• The happy women, whom I see, are dancing.
• The father, who ferociously hit the farmer, was mad.