Reptilian
Published on Mar 17, 2016
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How amphibians changed there reproduction so they would be able to live on the land and to not depend on the water, the soon to be reptiles evolved there egg to have a hard outer shell to protect from infection and harm. The reptiles also give birth to a lot of eggs so that there is a higher chance of survival.
Photo by Schristia
Reptiles developed thick scaly skin that helps conserve moisture inside their bodies, an essential feature that helps them survive not only on land, but in dry, desert areas as well. The skin is waterproof not so much to keep water out, but rather to keep it in. Reptiles also tend to have efficient waist removal systems, removing as much moisture as possible before releasing waste. This typically leads to firm feces and highly concentrated urine.
Photo by neistridlar
It has been suggested that the cochlear duct had either developed out of an outpocketing from the posterior saccular wall of amphibians (Lombard, 1980), or had developed on their own in reptiles (Miller, 1980). Over time, more hair cells would be added to this region allowing for clearer sound interpretation (Manley, 1998). The major breakthrough in ears came in the Triassic period with the development of the tympanic membrane (Fig. 2) or ‘ear drum’ in reptiles, as well as independently in the other amniotic land vertebrates (Manley and Köppl, 1998). This development now gave amniotes a middle ear in addition to their inner ear structure where before they only had an inner ear. This middle ear allowed vibrations in the air to be detected by amniotes with a vast improvement in clarity than was possible before. The tympanic membrane separated the outside world from the ear. When vibrations occurred in the air, the tympanic membrane would also vibrate. This vibration was then transferred to a tiny bone, the stapes (Fig. 3) that had developed which would then cause the dense bone around the fluid filled region to vibrate. The fluid vibration would then be detected by tiny hairs, which would send signals via nerves to the brain.
Photo by Hunter-Desportes
LAST SLIDE WAS INSAINLY COPIED BUT IT WAS INTERESTING SO HAD TO ADD IT.
Photo by evilsnoman
Crocodilia is a reptile order that includes crocodiles, alligators, gharials and caimans. According to current classification, there are currently 23 species within the crocodilia order.
Sourced at : http://reptileknowledge.com/crocodilia/#ixzz3KBnZti1N
Photo by Nemodus photos
SQUAMATA
Photo by Drriss & Marrionn
The order Squamata consists of two suborders. They are Sauria, which is composed of lizards, and Serpentes, which is composed of snakes. Approximately 6500 - 7000 species are in this order. There are a few things that distinguish each group from the other. Snakes in the suborder Sauria group has eyelids and are able to regrow portions of their tales. The Serpentes group has no eyelids and is deaf, having no external ear or eardrum. They are very sensitive to vibration. Common to both suborders is a loosely connected jaw that enables them to eat prey much larger than if their jaw was attached. Members of Squamata can be found on all continents except for Antarctica and live in a wide variety of habitats.
Photo by PheonixLee
Turtles are unmistakable. Their shells set them apart from all other animals, and render them perhaps the most anatomically interesting of vertebrates. The shell is not an exoskeleton, as some people mistakenly assert. The shell is a modified ribcage and part of the vertebral column. It cannot be "taken off" (as cartoons would lead us to believe) anymore than you could "take off" your spine and ribs. Because of the shell, the pectoral and pelvic girdles are uniquely located within the ribcage. The limb bones are also modified to accommodate to the shell.
Photo by Rafael Robayna - ecocentrik.com
an order of lizard-like reptiles that includes only one living genus and species, the tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus), which only inhabits parts of New Zealand. Despite its current lack of diversity, the Rhynchocephalia at one time included a wide array of genera in several families, and represents a lineage stretching back to the Mesozoic Era. Many of the niches occupied by lizards today were then held by sphenodontians. There was even a successful group of aquatic sphenodontians known as pleurosaurs.
Photo by Jean-Jacques Boujot
