ROCKS AND MINERALS

GRANITE

• Course grained
• Cools slowly at depths
• Crystals large enough to see with the eye

BASALT

• Cools quickly near the surface
• Fine grained
• Crystals can't be seen without a microscope

OBSIDIAN

• Glassy
• Cools instantly on surface
• No crystals are formed

SHALE

• Made from flat layers of silt and clay particles
• The particles are parallel, layering the the entire rock.
• Shale forms all the particles get compacted.

CONGLOMERATE

• Made from large rounded particles.
• It can be found in many environments.
• It can also be subdivided into categories.
• The categories are according to average size of granule.

SANDSTONE

• Clastic sedimentary
• You can feel sandy grains when touching it
• Goes through a process of accumulation

LIMESTONE

• Calcium carbonate
• Process of accumulation
• Formed for coral and algae

ROCK SALT

• Formed through evaporation
• Formed in salt water
• Very salty!!!

MARBLE

• Starts out as limestone
• Undergoes high pressure metamorphism
• Especially vulnerable to weathering

SLATE

• Starts out as shale
• Undergoes low grade metamorphism
• Used as attractive add ons in houses

SCHIST

• Starts out as slate
• Undergoes high grade metamorphism
• Generally smooth to the touch

GNEISS

• Starts out as granite
• Then under goes extreme heat and pressure
• Segregates light and dark minerals

QUARTZITE

• Starts out as sandstone
• Particles fuse together
• Resistant to weathering