SCIENCE PROJECT

SUCCESSION

• The gradual PROCESS OF CHANGE in an ecosystem brought about
• by the REPLACEMENT of one community by another until a CLIMAX is
• established.
• There is two types of succession PRIMARY AND SECONDARY

PRIMARY SUCCESSION

• Primary succession is the development of plant and animal communities in
• an area where VEGETATION or TOPSOIL DOESN'T EXIST
• Ex: LAVA FLOW or SAND DUNE

PRIMARY SUCCESSION FLOW MAP

SECONDARY SUCCESSION

• Secondary succession is the ecological succession in which the
• development of new inhabitants begins to replace the previous community
• of plants and animals that have been disturbed by
• Forest fires, flood, harvesting, epidemic disease, pest attack, etc.

PIONEER SPECIES

• Pioneer species are plants that colonize land that wasn't previously
• colonized
• Ex:lichens and mosses

CLIMAX COMMUNITY

• The climax community is the end point of both successions
• In a climax community nothing can really change
• A climax community is stable.
• Ex: hardwoods such as oak, maple, hickory, and birch

PICTURES

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DECOMP LICHENS AND MOSSES

HOW DECOMPOSITION APPLIES TO THE NITROGEN CYCLE

• Decomposition breaks down things such as
• Wood, food, and plants and returns nitrogen to the soil to be used by
• Plants

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WHY NITROGEN IS IMPORTANT

• Nitrogen is important because plants need
• Oxygen to survive.
• And without plants no oxygen
• And without oxygen NO PEOPLE
• So we can make Amino Acids

PICTURES YAY!

MOSS

LICHENS

PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

• Photosynthesis is the process in which Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Sunlight
• Goes through the chloroplast and comes out as Oxygen and Glucose
• Oxygen and Glucose being used for Cellular Respiration

PHOTOSYNTHESIS FORMULA

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• Cellular Respiration is the process in which Glucose and Oxygen goes through
• The mitochondria and comes out as Carbon Dioxide and ATP
• Which also happens to be used for Photosynthesis

CELLULAR RESPIRATION FORMULA

ANIMAL ADAPTATIONS

STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS

• Structural adaptations are adaptations such as
• Poison, Venom, Color Changing,or Night Vision
• Basically things that change what you look like

BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATIONS

• Behavioral adaptations are adaptations such as
• Nocturnal, Playing Dead, and Burying Eggs
• Basically things that are instinct

STRUCTURAL ADAPTATION PICS

OPOSSUM

BATS

RABBITS

WOLVES

SNAKE

BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATIONS PICS

OWLS

CHAMELEON

OSTRICH

HUMANS

LYNX

ANIMAL TRACK PICS

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PLANT ADAPTATIONS

EVERGREEN

• Evergreen trees stay green year round
• Trees such as Broadleaves, Palms, and Needled Trees

DECIDUOUS

• Deciduous tree lose their leaves in the winter and grow them back in the
• Spring.
• Trees such as ash, cypress, and birch

PICS

DECIDUOUS

EVERGREEN

DICHOTOMOUS KEY

• 1a. Deciduous.....4
• 1b. Coniferous.....2
• 2a. Single.....Norway Spruce
• 2b. Multiple.....3
• 3a. Bundle of 2.....Scott's Pine

DICHOTOMOUS KEY CONT.

• 3b. Bundle of 5.....Whites Pine
• 4a. Single.....5
• 5b. Opposite.....6
• 6a. Rounded Sinus.....Sugar Maple
• 6b. Pointed Sinus.....Red Maple

EROSION

• Is the process of moving weathered materials

WEATHERING

• The process in which rocks are disintegrated without using
• Without chemical change.

WIND EROSION

• When wind erodes rocks

WATER EROSION

• When water erodes rocks

ICE EROSION

• When ice erodes rocks

HUMAN EROSION

• Erosion by walking on stone

WEATHERING PLANTS

• When plant roots weather the rock away

ICE WEDGE WEATHERING

• When the ice wedges into the rock

WATER EROSION

• When the water flows and the rock disintegrates

WIND WEATHERING

• When wind pushes the sane and disintegrates the rock

EROSION

WEATHERING

TROPISM

PHOTOTROPISM

THIGMOTROPISM

GRAVITROPISM