Pre-1870 education based on class and access.

'Dame schools' - enterprising women in a community who would 'teach' some basic skills.

Sunday schools - literally that, limited education, religious basis, provided by the church for free.

Wealthy could afford education - Public Schools = Harrow & Eton, open to the 'public' who could afford it.

Increasing middle class involvement, education meant status, move to achieved over ascribed.

1870 - compulsory schooling to age 10, introduced in part to deal with excess of children with 'no occupation' due to laws limiting child labour.

Education, kept the off the streets, out of criminal activity and trained the future workforce which would power the British Empire.

Radical change, formal state-funded secondary schooling.

Three school types:
1. Grammar - working towards GCE
2. Secondary Technical - mechanical/engineering/science
3. Secondary Modern - everyone else!

Decision based on the 11+ exam.

Designed to allow some social mobility as based on ability, scholarships could be awarded to those without the financial means.

It's the long word!

1950s - growing discontent with limiting nature of tripartite system, move to dismantle, began in Sheffield.

Comprehensive schools educate students of all abilities and backgrounds. Admission based on CATCHMENT AREA.

1965 - government moved to this policy & also introduced the CSE qualification.

This did NOT mean that all areas moved away from grammar school provision. Some parts of the country still have grammar school provision now.

Parental choice of schools - schools forced to 'sell' themselves - prospectus, open evening etc.

Competition would lead to improvement ...

League tables - measure school success

OFSTED - report on schools

National Curriculum - prescribed set of subjects, all students would access, impact on gender and achievement.

SATs - check progress at end of each Key Stage.

Combined GCE & CSE into GCSE - to be taken by all, regardless of ability = parity of esteem, meritocratic?

3 school types:
1. Specialist - expanded, technology, performance, science etc.
2. Faith schools - expanding no. of faiths represented
3. Trust schools

Focus on systematic underachievement - EAZs, Excellence in Cities, Beacon Schools, City Academies.

OFSTED - powers to place schools in 'special measures'

Focus on increasing post-compulsory engagement.

EMA
Curriculum 2000 - divided A2/AS, rebranded vocational qualifications.
HE - Abolition of grants, introduced loans/fees

Coalition government took power: Conservative + Liberal Democrat

Pushed the academies programme - leading to further privatisation

Free school programme

Changes to National Curriculum - removal of modular exams and coursework

Pupil premium introduced to provide extra funding to schools with students accessing free school meals

The need to be competitive in a world market has led to the introduction of subjects such as computer programming

Immigration has impacted on need for support for students with EAL

Educational policies are influenced by ideas from other countries

Compete a timeline for changes in policy, annotate it with information from the next section about admission policies. Annotate it to show links to concepts we have discussed, e.g. the role of education, meritocracy etc.

CGP: 30-33
Collins Yr1: 68-85