Defense of Poesy counters a view of poetry that religious thinkers and even philosophers had often asserted that poetry is an analogy of things that do not exist, which constitutes lying
In his Defense of Poesy, Sidney counters this charge, saying that poetry has the power to create another world, one that inspires people to do and be better
This disagreement with religious moralists, primarily the Puritans, would continue after Sidney's death, affecting the way people saw many kinds of literature, especially dramas.