Slavery in the South in the 1900s

Who Was Involved

• African Americans ( played a major role)
• Slaveholders ( sometimes treated them more humanely)
• White men & women

Most Important Facts:

• About 4 million black slaves toiled in the American South
• Slaves suffered physical & mental abuse
• Abuse was usually harsher when they lived on larger plantations
• Between the 1500s & 1900s, about 12 million Africans were forced from their homes to move westward

how slaves were treated?

• The government allowed slaves to be physically abused by their owners
• Slaves were treated harshly on larger plantations which were often managed by overseers & owned by absentee slaveholders
• Small slaveholders
• Small slaveholders worked together with their slaves & sometimes treated them more humanely

slaves during 1900s

• Arthur Crumpler (1835-1910)
• Bass Reeves (1838-1910)
• Andrew Jackson Beard (1849-1921)
• Booker T. Washington (185-1915)

Arthur crumpler (1835-1910)

• He escaped slavery in Virginia
• He joined the Union Army after his escape
• The second husband of Dr. Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler

bass reeves (1838-1910)

• One of the first Black U.S. Marshalls west of the Mississippi River
• Arrested over 3,000 felons as well as shooting & killing 14 outlaws in self defense

andrew jackson beard (1849-1921)

• Inventor - he invented the first automatic railroad car coupler in 1897
• He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in Akron, Ohio in 2006
• Emancipated at the age of 15 by the Emancipation Proclamation

booker t. washington (1856-1915)

• Born into slavery
• Became an American educator, author & leader of the African-American community after the Civil War
• “Booker T. Washington.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Apr. 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booker_T._Washington.

Why is This Important?

• U.S. slaves lived primarily in the South
• 293,000 lived in Virginia making up 42% of all slaves
• South Carolina, North Carolina & Maryland each had over 100,000 slaves
• After the American Revolution, the Southern slave population exploded meaning it increased drastically

citations

• Lynch, Hollis. “African Americans.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 7 Dec. 2018, www.britannica.com/topic/African-American/Slavery-in-the-United-States.
• Costly, Andrew. “Slavery in the American South.” Constitutional Rights Foundation, www.crf-usa.org/black-history-month/slavery-in-the-american-south.
• “List of Slaves.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 19 Apr. 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_slaves.