South Africa
Published on Apr 16, 2016
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South Africa
Education TOday
“Education
is the most powerful weapon which you can use
to change the world”
-Nelson Mandela
is the most powerful weapon which you can use
to change the world”
-Nelson Mandela
Photo by arboresce
Apartheid
- White South African children received quality, European education for free.
- Black South African children recieved "Bantu Education."
Bantu Education
- Bantu Education Act passed in 1953
- Black children only taught skills applicable to factory jobs
- Went to school for 3 hours per day
- Schools in deplorable condition
Lasting effects to this day: 18% of adults over 15 years old in South Africa are illiterate.
US: 1% illeteracy
Egypt, Laos, Sudan around 15-20%
Ivory Coast, Pakistan, Haiti around 50%
US: 1% illeteracy
Egypt, Laos, Sudan around 15-20%
Ivory Coast, Pakistan, Haiti around 50%
Legislation
- The Bill of Rights of the Constitution of South Africa, amended 1994
- Right to basic education
- State responsible to make it accessible
All South Africans have the right to a basic education, including adult basic education and further education. It is the obligation of the state to progressively make this education available and accessible.
Photo by Abode of Chaos
Today
- One of highest public investment rates in education
7% GDP and 20% state funds go to education
Photo by DanieVDM
Three Bands of Education
- General Education and Training
- Further Education and Training
- Higher Education and Training
General Education and Training = kindergarten through 9th grade
Further Education and Training = 10th - 12th grade, incl. Certificate
Higher Education and Training: Anything from associate's degree through doctoral, also General Education Programs for adults
Further Education and Training = 10th - 12th grade, incl. Certificate
Higher Education and Training: Anything from associate's degree through doctoral, also General Education Programs for adults
Photo by MegMoggington
General Education and Training
- Grade 0, "reception year," or "R", through Grade 12, "matric".
- General education is compulsory through Grade 9.
grade 0 - 3 = foundation
grades 4- 6 = intermediate
grades 7-9 = senior
grades 10-12 = Further Ed and Training
grades 4- 6 = intermediate
grades 7-9 = senior
grades 10-12 = Further Ed and Training
Further Education and Training
- Grade 10 through Grade 12, "matric".
- 60% matriculation rate today - was around 40% in 1990
Career-oriented education and training at local technical schools, community colleges, or private colleges.
Grading System In South African Schools
These are the passing grades
Grading System In South African Schools
These are not passing grades
Higher Education and Training
- Education up to doctoral level
- Universities are autonomous, reporting to their own councils rather than government, even if government funded.
- Only 16% of 18-24 year olds enroll.
11 universities, six universities of technology, and six comprehensive institutions, all state-funded
88 registered private colleges
88 registered private colleges
Racial Disparities in Higher Education
These are the official Race distinctions in South Africa
"Indians" are people of colonial Indian decent (usually from Southeast Asia) living in South Africa. Durban, SA is the largest 'Indian' city outside India'.
"coloreds" are of mixed race
"Indians" are people of colonial Indian decent (usually from Southeast Asia) living in South Africa. Durban, SA is the largest 'Indian' city outside India'.
"coloreds" are of mixed race
Photo by Pieter v Marion
Challenges
- High poverty rural areas have problems with disinterested learners and a lack of teachers
- Lasting effects of Apartheid in Adult population
Photo by Niko Knigge
Action Plan to 2014
- New curriculum focuses on literacy and numeracy
- Standardized tests at grades 3, 6, 9.
- More emphasis on early childhood in Grade 0
New curriculum focuses on literacy (English, French, and Africaans) and numeracy
Photo by albertogp123
Action Plan to 2014
- Emphasis on improving impoverished areas
- No-fee schools
- National Schools Nutrition Programme
- Will be fully enacted by 2025
No-fee schools: Education through grade 12 is free.
National Schools Nutrition programme is much like the free lunch program here in the US, giving free breakfast and lunch to children living in poverty.
National Schools Nutrition programme is much like the free lunch program here in the US, giving free breakfast and lunch to children living in poverty.
Equal Education
- Equal Education is a movement of learners, parents, teachers and community members working for quality and equality in South African education, through analysis and activism.
Equal education is a South African National nonprofit organization formed after the end of Apartheid in 1994. Even though schools were no longer racially divided by law, extreme disparities existed. Here is their mission statement.
Photo by Pieter v Marion
Equal Education
- Has been largely responsible for supplying poverty-stricken schools with books, electricity, computers, fencing, toilets, and water
Photo by GOC53
Where South Africa Stands
- Last place in math and science world rankings (of 148 countries), World Economic Forum
- Has had steady improvements in test scores.
Has had steady improvements in test scores -- used to be at 60% literacy in schoolchildren in the 90s, now is 95%
Sources
- Brand South Africa. Education in South Africa. SouthAfrica.info. Web. 30 March 2015.
- Equal Education Annual Report 2013
- South African History Online. Bantu Education Boycott. Web. 30 March 2015.
Photo by arboresce
