SUB-SAHARAN AFICAN INVOLVEMENT IN SCIENCE

METALLURGY

• The Termit date of 1500 BCE is widely accepted. Iron use, in smelting and forging for tools, appears in West Africa by 1200 BCE, making it one of the first places for the birth of the Iron Age.

MATHEMATICS

• There are two different math tools
• The lebombo bone is the oldest bone known. It date from 35000 BC
• The ishango bone tool for multiplication, division, and simple mathematical. Dated 18000 to 20000 BC.

John Ogbu

• Anthropologist and professor known for his theories on observed phenomena involving race and intelligence, especially how race and ethnic differences played out in educational and economic achievement, motivation and achievement, depressing IQ scores

EARLY SHIPS

• Early Saharan Africans knew how to assemble planks of wood into a ship hull as early as 3000 BC
• They were constructed of wooden planks
• woven straps, have been used to lash the planks together and reeds or grass put between the planks helped to seal the seams

ASTRONOMY

• Several ancient African cultures birthed discoveries in astronomy
• They divided the year into 12 parts and developed a yearlong calendar system containing 365 ¼ days. Clocks were made with moving water and sundial-like clocks were used

WATER CLOCK

• The bowl-shaped outflow is the simplest form of a water clock and is known to have existed in Babylon and in Egypt around the 16th century BC

Cheikh Anta Diop

• He was a Senegalese historian, anthropologist, physicist, and politician who studied the human race's origins and pre-colonial African culture.

HOW IT AFFECTS US TODAY

• Ships: sea and river travel
• Math: helps us figure out complex problems
• Metals: able to build big buildings and weapons etc...

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_science_and_technology_in_Africa
• http://www.asbmb.org/asbmbtoday/asbmbtoday_article.aspx?id=32437#REF3
• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_clock