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Subjunctive clauses
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Published on Nov 19, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
1.
Subjunctive clauses
By: ERin Woods
2.
INdirect Question (iq)
To start an IQ you need to use a head verb
Some examples of head verbs are rogare, scire, cognoscere, etc
Then you use a question word to link the indicative & subjunctive clauses
Some examples of question words are quis, quid, ubi, etc
To end the sentence, you have a subjunctive clause at the end
3.
Indirect question
Here's an example of an IQ:
Latin: Nescivi ubi hic agricola fuisset.
English: I do not know where the farmer had been.
The head verb used was nescivi/ I do not know
The question word used was ubi/where
4.
Cum clauses
There are three types of cum clauses
The first is causal which is translated with Since/Beacuse
The second is circumstantial which is translated with When
The third is conssesive which is translated with Although and Nevertheless
*Cum Conssesive also has tamen in its sentence to identify it
5.
cum causal
This is the cum clause that starts with Since/Because
Here's an example of a cum causal clause:
Cum domo diu mansissemus, mater nos iussit discedere
Because we remained home for a long time, mother ordered us to return
The cum causal clause has the Because at the beginning as you can see
6.
Cum circumstantial
This is the cum clause that starts with When
Here's an example of a cum circumstantial clause
Cum Vergilius Romam adveniret, multa clarissima aedificia erat.
When Vergil came to Rome, there were many famous buildings.
As you can see, this cum clause was translated with When at the beginning
7.
Cum conssesive
This is the clause that starts with Although
Here's an example of a cum conssesive clause
Latin: Cum divites viri saepe pauperos homines contemnant,
tamen vitae eorum sunt asperiores
8.
Although the rich men looked down on poor men, nevertheless their lives are harsher.
9.
INdirect Command
To form this kind of a sentence:
You need a command word like rogo, oro, etc
You also need ut/ne to connect the indicative & sunjubctive clauses
This type of subjunctive clause also takes a dative object
10.
indirect command
Here's en example of an indirect command
Paterfamilias servos vetuit ut ad Forum irent
The head of the household forbade the slave to go to the Forum
Forbade is the command word
ut means to which connects the two clauses
11.
Purpose clauses
It starts with the indicative clause
Connecting the two clauses is ut/ne
It ends with the subjunctive clause
12.
Purpose clauses
Here's an example of a purpose clause
Mater multum cibum filiae gracili dedit ne aegra esset
The mother gave a lot of food to the slender daughter so that
she would not be sick
The ne is so that she would not be sick
13.
Result clauses
These clauses start off with an indicative clause
There is a ding ding word such as tam, talis, etc
Connecting the two clauses is ut/ ut non
Lastly comes the Subjunctive clause
14.
Result clauses
Here's an example of a result clause
Miser servus totiens a domino verberabatur ut capiti valde nocuerit.
The miserable slave was beaten so often by the master that
his head was greatly harmed.
Totiens is the ding ding word meaning so often and ut meaning that
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