Summary of The One World Schoolhouse
Published on May 23, 2021
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Summary of The One World Schoolhouse
by Salman Khan
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Khan, S. (2012). The One World Schoolhouse: Education Reimagined. New York: Twelve.
Book summary
by Chrissa Webster
Book summary
by Chrissa Webster
Photo by David Jakes
Education crisis
- "It's not about graduation rates or test scores. It's about what these things mean to the outcome of human lives. It's about potential realized or squandered, dignity enhanced or denied." - S. Khan
Khan believes the key to educational reform is self-paced lessons and learning for mastery.
Photo by Zach Vessels
Mastery learning concept
All students can learn under the right conditions
In 1919, Carleton W. Washburn recognized that with traditional models of education, the time allotted to learn something is fixed, while students end up with varying levels of comprehension by the end.
Washburn made popular the idea that what should be fixed is a high level of comprehension, but the time allowed to learn it should be variable.
Washburn made popular the idea that what should be fixed is a high level of comprehension, but the time allowed to learn it should be variable.
Photo by US Department of Education
Mastery learning
reduces academic spread
Washington's idea has waxed and waned in popularity over the past century.
Studies have found that mastery learning reduces the academic spread between slower and faster students without slowing down the faster students.
Mastery learning is directly related to students taking personal responsibility for their learning.
Studies have found that mastery learning reduces the academic spread between slower and faster students without slowing down the faster students.
Mastery learning is directly related to students taking personal responsibility for their learning.
Photo by youssef naddam
How do we learn?
1. committing to learn 2. concentrating
Associative learning is achieving deeper comprehension and more durable memory by relating something new to something already known.
Khan states, "It is the connections among concepts - or lack thereof - that separates the students who memorize a formula for an exam only to forget it the next month, and the students who internalize the concepts and are able to apply them a decade later."
Khan states, "It is the connections among concepts - or lack thereof - that separates the students who memorize a formula for an exam only to forget it the next month, and the students who internalize the concepts and are able to apply them a decade later."
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Filling in the gaps
Every student forgets things or fails to grasp some crucial concepts and connections.
Khan believes that gaps in learning must be repaired if future learning is to happen.
To facilitate repairing the gaps, we must encourage students to take responsibility for their own learning.
Khan believes that gaps in learning must be repaired if future learning is to happen.
To facilitate repairing the gaps, we must encourage students to take responsibility for their own learning.
Photo by Dean Hochman
modern education in the U.S.A.
Based on a very structured prussian model
The educational model invented by the Prussians is still used today. Its goal was to churn out loyal citizens, not to produce independent thinkers.
This system actively suppresses creative, curious, and self-directed learners.
This system actively suppresses creative, curious, and self-directed learners.
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Swiss cheese learning
without mastery, we move on with an education full of holes
We set kids up to fail when we "pass" them without mastery.
Khan states, "It is much better and more useful to have a deep understanding of algebra than a superficial understanding of algebra, trigonometry, and calculus."
There should be rigorous review of missed problems, retesting, and reteaching as needed until mastery is reached.
Khan states, "It is much better and more useful to have a deep understanding of algebra than a superficial understanding of algebra, trigonometry, and calculus."
There should be rigorous review of missed problems, retesting, and reteaching as needed until mastery is reached.
Photo by [phil h]
Tests
the good and bad
Schools tend to place great emphasis on test results as a measure of a student's innate ability or potential.
However, we must remember that tests are just imperfect human constructs.
It is dangerous to use testing to filter out creative, different-thinking students.
However, we must remember that tests are just imperfect human constructs.
It is dangerous to use testing to filter out creative, different-thinking students.
Photo by Ben Mullins
Flipping the classroom
-homework-
Khan recommends flipping the traditional classroom model of using valuable class time to lecture and students who are left to work on problems at home.
Instead, students could read the material (via technology when applicable) at home, then be prepared for classroom discussion and to work the problems in class with a teacher's support and guidance.
Instead, students could read the material (via technology when applicable) at home, then be prepared for classroom discussion and to work the problems in class with a teacher's support and guidance.
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the economies of schooling
education needn't be expensive
Technology can be used by students to learn at their chosen location outside of school, to enhance the quality time students spend learning with their teacher in school.
The "student-to-valuable-time-with-the-teacher-ratio" is more important than the "student-to-teacher" ratio.
The "student-to-valuable-time-with-the-teacher-ratio" is more important than the "student-to-teacher" ratio.
Photo by Sharon McCutcheon
