Surviving the Misinformation Age
Published on Sep 06, 2016
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MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN & Effective decision maker
- you must Detect and avoid misinformation -
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Fake Victories
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ALIENS & UFOs
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But it is not just about lyrics and inspirational quotes, we also consume fake news and opinion.
Fake news travel farther and faster than facts
"LIES AND FALSE NEWS SPREAD FASTER, FARTHER ONLINE THAN TRUTH." SKEPTICAL INQUIRER
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True stories may inspire anticipation, sadness, joy, and trust
BUT THE FALSE NEWS INSPIRE "FEAR, DISGUST, AND SURPRISE."
Think of your offline behavior...are you more likely to share a piece of information that you already anticipated, or a piece of information that caught you by surprise, or fear?
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most of HUMAN HISTORY -> GOAL WAS TO STAY ALIVE
you could not afford to take danger lightly
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today, we are not much different
- Fear still controls our behavior -
Photo by Joaquin Villaverde Photography
CORONAVIRUS FAKENEWS
- Coronavirus is a human-made virus in the laboratory
- Pope Francis has been diagnosed with Coronavirus
- Oregano Oil Proves Effective Against Coronavirus
- Egypt is hiding hundreds of confirmed cases of Coronavirus
- People are collapsing on the streets
- Mortality rate is 30% among those who catch the virus
The internet is not all bad!
After all, thanks to the internet, we now know that Socrates wrote the lyrics to 'The Roof, the roof, the roof is on fire"
After all, thanks to the internet, we now know that Socrates wrote the lyrics to 'The Roof, the roof, the roof is on fire"
Photo by Ashkan Forouzani
WHO: approx. 3.4% Mortality
still significant, but it's not near what social madia portrays it to be
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WHY DO people have a tendency to believe FAKE NEWS?
EVEN THOUGH they KNOW THAT INFORMATION CONSUMED OVER THE INTERNET IS NOT RELIABLE
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People let their guard down on social media
PEOPLE ARE LESS SKEPTICAL OF INFORMATION THEY ENCOUNTER ON PLATFORMS THEY HAVE PERSONALIZED
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IKEA EFFECT
we take pride in our work - People overvalue the fruits of their labor
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WE TEND TO BELIEVE PEOPLE who are close to us
and those whom we share a lot in common with
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BEHAVIOR PATTERN -> EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
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BELIEVING is an evolutionary behavior
when our brains process information, belief comes quickly and naturally
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SKEPTICISM IS slow and unnatural
SKEPTICISM IS AN ACQUIRED BEHAVIOR - it appears later in life
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FOUNDATIONAL beliefS
MOST OF OUR BELIEF SYSTEM IS BUILT ON OUR FOUNDATIONAL BELIEFS
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BIAS
deviation of human decision making from taking an optimal (rational) option
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COMPrehension feels good
fMRI brain scan shows that when we understand a statement we get a hit of dopamine
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CONFUSION IS PAINFUL
brain appears to process false or uncertain statements in anterior insula, a region linked to pain and disgust
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WE DEVELOPED a bias to confirm
favoring information that supports preexisting notions
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DESIRE TO BE RIGHT VS. DESIRE TO HAVE BEEN RIGHT
- THIRST FOR TRUTH VS. PRIDE THAT GOETH BEFORE THE FALL -
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DESIRE TO HAVE BEEN RIGHT
BLOCKS THE PROGRESS OF KNOWLEDGE
CONFIRMATION BIAS IS THE REASON WHY TWO PEOPLE WITH OPPOSING VIEWS CAN SEE THE SAME EVIDENCE, AND WALK AWAY FEELING VALIDATED!
Photo by Elizabeth Haslam
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The neuroimaging results, however, revealed that the part of the brain most associated with reasoning--the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex--was inactive. Most active were the orbitofrontal cortex, which is involved in the processing of emotions; and--once subjects had arrived at a conclusion that made them emotionally comfortable--the ventral striatum, which is related to reward and pleasure.
Photo by Ramón Salinero
“The eye sees only what the mind is prepared to comprehend.”
- Robertson Davies - Canadian novelist -
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"WHAT THE HUMAN BEING IS BEST AT DOING IS INTERPRETING NEW INFORMATION SO THAT THEIR PRIOR CONCLUSIONS REMAIN INTACT."
WARREN BUFFETT
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HUMAN HISTORY
PEOPLE EXPERIENCED VERY LITTLE NEW INFORMATION DURING THEIR LIFETIME
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TODAY'S WORLD IS MUCH MORE COMPLEX
BUT we have a natural tendency to take shortcuts
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COGNITIVE CONSISTENCY
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EVALUATING EVIDENCE --> GREAT DEAL OF MENTAL ENERGY
- OUR BRAIN PREFERS TO TAKE SHORTCUTS -
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brain constantly updates its estimates of when new beats will occur
and takes satisfaction in matching a mental beat with a real-in-the-world one
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TRIBAL UNITY
WE WANT TO SIGNAL TO OTHERS THAT WE CAN BE TRUSTED AS A RELIABLE GROUP MEMBER
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WE LET OUR guard down on social media
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SKEPTICISM
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rationalism
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empiricism
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ASK THE RIGHT QUESTION
WHAT IS THE SOURCE? is the logical structure valid? how good IS THE EVIDENCE?
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most of us see ourselves as intelligent, rational people
NONETHELESS, WE continue to find ways to mitigate the subsequent cognitive dissonance
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Metacognition
each one of us need to make an intentional effort to Understand our BIASES
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BEWARE of social media
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watch out for surprising scientific findings
- WE have a bias towards novelty and surprises -
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BE CAUTIOUS OF DATA THAT SEEMS TO IMMEDIATELY CONFIRM YOUR VIEWS
Maybe your brain just likes it because it proves it was right all along!
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If it is hitting on your emotional trigger, be skeptical!
if it makes your blood boil, or if it makes you excited, cross check!
Photo by Nijwam Swargiary
FORM A HABIT OF ASKING
- Which parts did I automatically agree with?
- Which parts did I ignore or skim over without realizing?
- How did I react to the points which I agreed or disagreed with?
- Did this post confirm any ideas I already had? Why?
- What if I thought the opposite of those ideas?
Photo by Marcos Luiz Photograph
SEARCH OUT FOR DISCONFIRMING EVIDENCE
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do not appeal to authority
- check today's "FACTS" -
Thank You
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