THE CIVIL WAR

CAUSES

• Slavery
• Fugitive Slave Act 1850: the law stated that any runaway slave could be captured and sent back into slavery.
• Dred Scott

CAUSES

• States Rights
• Compromise of 1850: California became a free state (what the North gets). South gets the Fugitive Slave Act (created by Henry Clay).
• Kansas - Nebraska Act

CAUSES

• Mason Dixon Line
• Creation of the Republican Party: The preceding events had separated the North and the South. The Republican Party formed against the democrats and their goal was to "over throw the slave power".
• North vs South

BATTLE OF FORT SUMTER

• April 12, 1861 - April 14, 1861
• Was the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumpter, near Charleston, South Carolina, that started the American Civil War.
• Confederate victory
• North: "I have served my country under the flag of the Union, for more than 50 years, and so long as God permits me to live, I will defend the flag with my sword, even if my native state assails it"
• South: "It is well that war is so terrible... or we should grow to fond of it"

BATTLE OF ANTIETAM

• September 17, 1862
• Over 23,000 men fell as casualties in the one day Battle of Antietam, making it the bloodiest day in American history. Ending in an Union victory.
• North: "If I could save the Union without freeing any slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by feeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that... I have here stated that my purpose according to my view of official duty; and I intend no modification of my oft-expressed personal wish that all men everywhere could be free"
• South: "Do your duty in all things. You can't do more, you should never wish to do less"

BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG

• July 1, 1863 – July 3, 1863
• It stopped the confederates second invasion of the North. More than 50,000 men fell as casualties during the 3 - day battle.
• Bloodiest battle of the Civil War
• Union victory
• North: "War is very uncertain in its results, and often when affairs look most desperate they suddenly assume a more hopeful state"
• South: "This is a desperate thing to attempt"

BATTLE OF VICKSBURG

• May 18, 1863 – July 4, 1863
• It was one of the biggest Union victories of the American Civil War.
• Union victory
• North: "There is no honorable way to kill, no gentle way to destroy. There is nothing good in war. Except it's ending"
• South: "I have been in one battle and that satisfied me with war and I would beg to be excused next time"

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

• Signed on January 1, 1863
• Led the way to total abolition of slavery in the United Sates.
• This caused the aim of the war to change to include the freeing of slaves in addition to preserving the Union.
• Slaves: "Is it true that Mr. Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, after which there was a commitment to give 40 acres and a mule. That's where the argument, to this day, of reparations starts. We never got the 40 acres. We went all the way to Herbert Hoover, and we never got the 40 acres. We didn't get the mule. So we decided we'd ride this donkey as far as it would take us"

SURRENDER AT APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE

• April 9, 1865
• Robert E. Lee surrendered his troops to Ulysses S. Grant in the front of parlor of Wilmer McLean's home in Appomattox Court House, Virginia, ending the Civil War.
• " Obedience to lawful authority is the foundation of manly character"

PRESIDENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR

• North: Abraham Lincoln
• "Let us then turn this government back into the channel in which the framers of the constitution originally placed it"

PRESIDENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR

• South: Jefferson Davis
• "I love the Union and the Constitution, but I would rather leave the Union with the Constitution than remain in the Union without it"

GENERALS OF THE U.S. CIVIL WAR

• North: Ulysses S. Grant and George Mclellan
• "Nations, like individuals, are punished for their transgressions".

GENERALS OF THE CIVIL WAR

• South: Robert E. Lee
• "I have been up to see the congress and they do not seem to be able to do anything except to eat peanuts and chew tobacco, while my army is starving".

OTHER MEN IN THE CIVL WAR

• Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson
• Was the best known Confederate commander after General Robert E. Lee.

OTHER MEN IN THE CIVIL WAR

• Philip Bazaar
• Was a Navy seaman who was the highest military decoration for valor in combat.
• Was awarded the Medal of Honor for having distinguished himself during the Battle of Fort Fisher.

OTHER MEN IN THE CIVIL WAR

• William Carney
• An African-American soldier during the Civil War.
• In 1900, he was awarded the Medal of Honor for his gallantry in the Battle of Fort Wagner in 1863.

ASSASSINATION OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN

• Abraham Lincoln's assassination was because he was considered a threat to both Northern and Southern people. This is because he felt that African Americans should have the same equal rights as the whites.
• North: "[Of Abraham Lincoln after his assassination] Now he belongs to the ages"
• South: "Slavery exists. It is black in the South, and white in the North"