1 of 17

Slide Notes

DownloadGo Live

The Great Depression

Published on Mar 16, 2016

No Description

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

The Great Depression

A Historical Context BY Xiomara Rivas & Hugo Mejicano
Photo by ashleywilson2

1929-1939

 

FACTS

  • Longest & worst economic turndown
  • No unemployment insurance or Social Security
  • Popular belief was very optimistic initially

Stock Market Crash

  • The Beginning of the Worst Economic Phase in the U.S.
  • Oct 24, 1929 - Black Thursday

Early Effects on the Country

  • Dec. 1931 - Ny bank of U.S. collapses
  • Jan. 1932 - Reconstruction Finance Corporation
  • July 1932 - RFC lending money from National Treasury
  • Nov 1932 - FDR elected president, New Deal
Photo by onohoku

Ending Recession and Beginning Recovery

  • March1933 - FDR inaugurated and announces 4 day bank holiday
  • 1933: 13 to 15 million Americans were unemployed and half of the country's banks failed

Untitled Slide

  • June 1933: Glass Steagall Act
  • Oct 1933: Civil Works Administration
  • April 1935: Works Progress Administration
glass-steaggal act: separates commercial from investment banking and sets up the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to guarantee bank deposits

civil works administration: employ up to 4 million people, the C.W.A. is involved in the building of bridges, schools, hospitals, airports, parks and playgrounds. Additionally, C.W.A. funds go toward the repair and construction of highways and roads. Early in 1934, Congress will authorize $950 million for the continued operation of the C.W.A.

Dust Bowl: three-day dust storm blows an estimated 350 million tons of soil off of the terrain of the West and Southwest and deposits it as far east as New York and Boston. Families begin to migrate to the west

Works Progress Administration: employs more than 8.5 million individuals in 3,000 counties across the nation. These individuals, drawing a salary of only $41.57 a month, will improve or create highways, roads, bridges, and airports. In addition, the WPA will put thousands of artists -- writers, painters, theater directors, and sculptors -- to work on various projects. The WPA will remain in existence until 1943. Temporary project.


Untitled Slide

  • July 1935: Wagner National Labor Relations Act
  • August 1935: Social Security Act is signed into law
WNLRA: goal of the act is to validate union authority and supervise union elections.

Social Security Act: Among the most controversial stipulations of the act is that Social Security will be financed through a payroll tax. Historian Kenneth S. Davis calls the signing of the act "one of the major turning points of American history. '

Untitled Slide

  • April 1938: FDR request for Congress
  • Nov. 1940: FDR re-elected and U.S. is on a better track.
1937: New deal sudders set back because unemployment rises a little again

April 1938: FDR askes Congress to authorize $3.75 billion in federal spending to stimulate the sagging economy, but unemployment still remains high.

Nov. 1940: Franklin Roosevelt is elected to an unprecedented third term as president. victory comes from his war policies. Following Japan's December 1941 bombing of Pearl Harbor, the U.S. will enter the war in the Pacific and in Europe. The war effort will jump-start U.S. industry and effectively end the Great Depression. New job opportunities because of world war 1

1929 - 1933(decline)
1934 - 1939(recovery)

http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/421169?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&...

archText=great&searchText=depression&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicResults%3FQuery%

3Dthe%2Bgreat%2Bdepression%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bfc%3Doff%26amp%3Bgrou

p%3Dnone%26amp%3Bacc%3Don

Real gross domestic product per adult was 39% below trend in 1939

“The women know that life must go on and that the needs of life must be met and it is their courage and determination which, time and again, have pulled us through worse crises than the present one.” - Eleanor Roosevelt

Women became key figures in family's and the great depression overall.

Low Income Families

  • Marriage and Divorce Decrease
  • Overcrowded homes
  • 1929-1931: rate of children in institutions rose to 50%

- Conceptions of Gender Roles
- Emotional and physical disruptions
- Suicide rates increased

Suicide Rate increase: went from 14 to 17 per 100,000

Unemployment

The Toll of

the big sleep

  • Motif of money
  • Eddie Mars, Geiger & Joe Brody
  • Agnes: Money for a New Beginning

bIBLIOGRAPHY