THE HABSBURGS

THE DIVIDED EMPIRE

• Charles V divided his lands between his family
• Empire divided in 1556
• Philip II became king of Spain and controlled Italy
• Ferdinand ruled in Austria

PHILIP II

• Charles V son
• Was the king of Spain
• Became very wealthy from mining gold and silver
• Also controlled Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain's american colonies
• Ruled from 1556-1581

FERDINAND

• Brother to Charles V
• Ruled from Austria
• Was named the Holy Roman Emperor
• Ruled from 1558-1564

THIRTY YEARS WAR

• Religious struggle between Protestants and Catholics
• Started in Bohemia (1618-1648)
• Protestant nobles threw some catholic officials out the window
• Spain and the catholic German states supported the Habsburgs
• When the war was over the Habsburgs had less power

WAR OF THE SPANISH SUCCESSION

• Charles II died with no heirs
• The Dutch didn't want France and Spain to unite
• Dutch and Spain united to fight France
• War lasted for 13 years (1701-1714)
• The war ended the Habsburg rule in Spain

MARIA THERESA

• Ruled from 1740-1780 ( Habsburg empire)
• In 1740 she took the throne at age 23
• Strengthened the empire
• Welcomed many musicians and artists
• She knew Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

ABSOLUTE MONARCHS

• Phillip II- inherited land from his father and he completely ruled Spain
• Ferdinand- inherited land from his brother and became emperor
• Maria Theresa- ruled the Habsburg empire, could even control music and art
• These people build up a sometimes weak empire and controlled it in their power
• All of them ruled alone and had absolute power over everything