THE INDUSTRIAL AGE

RAILROAD CHANGE I

• New technology improved railway transportation
• George Westinghouse created air brakes
• Air brakes improved the system for stopping trains
• Gustavus Swift developed refrigerated railroad cars
• This allowed railroad to ship meat and crops

RAILROAD CHANGE II

• over long distances without spoiling
• Finally, George Pullman made a sleeping car
• That was a luxury railway car with seat
• Seats that changed into beds
• For overnight journeys

INVENTION I

• Samuel Morse made the telegraph
• Operators transmitted messages in Morse Code
• Then, Alexander Graham Bell made a device🔛
• that made a greater impact on communication
• He was experimenting with sending the sound🔛

INVENTION II

• of a voice over electric wires
• While preparing the test....
• He spilled battery acid on his shirt
• So he panicked and called for his assistant
• His assistant heard him through the telephone!

INDUSTRIAL GROWTH

• The industrial growth created jobs
• People often worked in unsafe conditions
• They also got paid in low wages for 10-12 hours
• So they fought back for it was unfair
• So they went into strikes. Crowds gathered in a protest

INDUSTRIAL GROWTH II

• Angry railroad strikers in several locations
• burned up rail yards, ripped up tracks,
• and destroyed property. Afterward,
• many Americans linked the labor movement
• with violence and disorder. Workers continued to

LABOR

• organize to campaign for better wages.
• Dissatisfied workers organized into groups-labor union-
• to demand better pay. In 1869 garment cutters found a
• group called the Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor
• At that time, employers could fire workers who joined unions. So then they met secretly