The lights of our Galaxy.
Published on Apr 27, 2016
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Let's start small.
A star is a ball of luminous gas, commonly hydrogen and helium, held together by its own gravitational force.
Photo by davedehetre
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Nebulas
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Nebulas are clusters of helium, hydrogen and space dust, but are also star nurseries.
Photo by violscraper
This is where stars are born.
Photo by write_adam
A star starts out when regions gravity force hydrogen and helium to clump together. When a significant amount of matter is compacted and pressed together it forms the second stage of a stars life the Protostar.
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A Protostar is a "star" not really a star yet.
Photo by NASA Goddard Photo and Video
Really, a protostar is that same cluster of H2 and He just now its fighting to find a stance of equilibrium, amongst the gravity pulling everything in and the light, heat and gas pushing outward.
Photo by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center
When equilibrium is created, the protostar firstly becomes a star and secondly starts to create nuclear reactions, fuse the hydrogen atom to create helium. Then, the Protostar turns into a main sequence star.
Photo by Paul M. Hutchinson FRAS
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These types of stars are relatively small and can last for millions of years. Basically they survive off of their own supply of hydrogen until they run out.
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Supergiant stars are created when there is no nuclear reaction, gravity is what is making the star glow.
Gravity is pushing so hard on the star that it is imploding onto its self. This causes the star to swell but as gravity continues to work the star is slowly compressing, until one day it finally snaps.
And the star goes boom. It exploded. Kinda.
Photo by S. F. Pitman
Supernova. A supernova is a explosion that happens in large stars hen they have had enough of gravity pressurizing them.
When a super nova occurs vast amounts of radiation, and force is applied on surrounding space clearing a path.
When a star explodes only the outer layers are blasted off, the still intact centre can either turn into a black hole or a neutron star.
Black holes are anything but holes, they do not swallow up everything. Rather, they are the centre bits of a large star with extreme amounts of gravity still pushing on it and the area around it.
Black holes do however destroy other stars, because of the gravity surrounding the carbon core.
Neutron stars are another bi-product of supernovas.
Neutron stars are extremely tiny, immensely dense stars that are also incredibly efficient. Another type of Neutron star is pulsars stars. Magnetars are neutron stars that have a even stronger magnetic field. They are the strongest magnets in the universe.
Photo by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center
Pulsar stars are Neutron stars are stars that flash beams of light out of its core at extremely high rates, whilst rotating very fast.
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A Red giant is a super giant just smaller. When the star is compressed and cool enough, instead of creating a large explosion the out sides just dissipate off of the outside of the star.
When the outermost part of the star has dissipated the inner core is left, the white dwarf star remains.
White dwarf stars are very dense, cooled off stars ready to die. By this point there is hydrogen left to continue reactions so this star is just constantly being compressed, fusing helium and turning the stars into carbon.
Black dwarf stars are entirely hypothetical, they are a theory. When white dwarf stars have cooled all
the way down, they are expected to turn into practically invisible pieces of carbon.
Funny thing though. We don't really know how stars die.
Other topics related to stars.
How do we know
What stars are made of?
Scientists pass starlight through their telescopes through a device called a spectrometer. This device separates the light given off from the stars into separate colours, telling scientists what each star is made of.
Photo by Ryan Wick
