The Making Of Industrial Societies
Published on Nov 27, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS
- Steam engine: James Watt
- Flying shuttle: John Kay
- Mule: Samuel Crompton
- Steamboat: Robert Fulton
- Water Frame: Richard Arkwright
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REASONS WHY PEOPLE MIGRATED
- Job opportunities
- Late 19th century:
- Improved sanitation
- Healthcare
- Education
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WORKING CONDITIONS
- Long hours: 14-16 hours
- Low wages
- Overcrowded: spreading diseases
- Poor sanitation
- Dangerous machines: frequent accidents
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CORPORATE LEADERS
- John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company
- Andrew Carnegie's Carnegie Steel
- Cornelius Vanderbilt's NY Central Railroad Station
- J.P Morgan's banking house
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PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE
- 40% of population-rural communities
- 60% of population-urban centers
WOMEN AND CHILDREN
- Worked in factories, mills, or mines
- Women worked AND had domestic chores.
- Required to work long dangerous hours
- Were paid less than men
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NEW SOCIAL CLASSES
- Captains of aristocracy: enterprising businessmen
- Middle class: managers, engineers, teachers
- Working class: mining, tended to machines
GOALS OF NEW TRADE UNIONS
- Improve worker's conditions:
- higher wages
- better working conditions
- shorter working hours
