THE MAKING OF INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY

TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS

• Flying shuttle, mule, and power loom benefitted cotton business
• Steam engines proved to be efficient in coal and textile industry
• Iron and steel promoted mechanization
• Steamships expedited transportation

REASON FOR MOVE TO CITY

• In search for work, money, etc

WORKING CONDITIONS IN FACTORIES

• Working hours dictated by clocks, machines, and shop rules
• Workers faced strict and immediate supervision
• Received punishment if expectations weren't met
• Safety was not taken into account concerning the machinery

CORPORATE LEADERS

• John D. Rockefeller- monopolized petroleum production
• IG Farben- monopolized production in chemical industries

POPULATION

• 1/5 of British population lived in urban centers in 1800
• 4/5 of British population lived in rural communities in 1800
• In the next century, 3/4 of population lived in cities.

WOMEN AND CHILDREN

• Working class women worked in mines, factories, and as domestic workers
• Middle class women usually worked in household (domestic chores)
• Child labor

NEW SOCIAL CLASSES

• Elite class: captains of industry, enterprising businessmen
• Middle class: small business owners, factory managers, engineers, etc
• Working class: laborers who worked in factories and mines

TRADE UNIONS

• Sought for just and equitable society
• Struggled to eliminate abuses of early industrial society
• Improve workers' lives by seeking higher wages and better working conditions