THE OPIUM WAR

CHINA TEA TRADE

• The Chinese tried to stop trafficking opium and growing In fields.
• Chinese economy was poor, because the opium was taking up all the money from markets.

INDIA TEA TAX

• The answer to raising taxes was in ginger and opium.
• East India needed the Chinese for money.
• Also the Indian opium growers were profitable.

CHINAS RESPONSE TO OPIUM IMPORTS

• Chinese seized the opium and set fire to it.
• The British took Hong Kong and kept it .
• Until the Japanese occupation during the Second World War.

BRITAINS RESPONSE TO CHINAS ACTIONS

• The Chinese were forced to negotiate.
• The British took city after city including Cha-p'u and Shanghai.
• They offered three million dollar ransom to the British to not bombard Nanking.
• The negotiations were protracted .
• It took days to translate Chinese documents into English .

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SELF STRENGTHENING MOVEMENT

• "First phase"
• Lasted from 1861 to 1872, emphasized the adoption of Western firearms.
• Machines,scientific knowledge,training of technical and diplomatic personnel
• Through the establishment of a diplomatic office and a college.

OPEN DOOR POLICY

• Concept in foreign affairs, initially used to refer to the United States policy
• That would grant multiple international powers with equal access to China

DOLLAR DIPLOMACY

• The effort of the United States under President Taft
• Aims to use economic power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries.
• State Department encouraged bankers in securing new opportunities abroad.
• Bailey finds that Dollar Diplomacy was designed to make both people
• Foreign lands and the American investors prosper.

SELF DETERMINATION

• The right of nations to self-determination states:
• that nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and fair
• equality of opportunity have the right to freely choose their sovereignty
• international political status with no external compulsion or interference