the power of feedback

content

• Definition
• Types
• Effective feedbacks
• Feedbacks in video games (coming soon...)

"information provided by an agent regarding one’s performance or understanding to reduce discrepancy between current understanding or performance and a goal (desired understanding or performance)"

gOAL

• Increase effort, motivation and engagement
• Fill up the discrepancy gap
• A learning environment in which students develop self-regulation and error-detection skills (Hattie, Biggs & Purdie, 1996)

genres of feedback

• Feed-up (goal? direction)
• Feed-back (progress? performance?)
• Feed-forward (next?)

four levels of feedbacks

• Task
• Process
• Self regulation
• Self evaluation

types of feedback

• Agent: Group vs. Individual
• Comparative vs. Self
• Written, multimedia or numeric notations
• Immediate vs. Delayed
• Positive vs. Negative
• Informational vs. Affective
• Goal-relateded vs. Non related
• etc.

effective feedback

Information that is specifically relating to the task or process of learning.

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factors for effectiveness

• Wording - no controlling manner
• On correct responses but incorrect ones
• On more challenging tasks
• Praise barely works
• Perceived low threat to self-esteem

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three feedback questions

• Where am I going
• How am I going?
• Where to next?

focus on feedbacks

• Directions to acquire more, different, or correct info (FT);
• The processing of info, or learning process required (FT);
• For students can be focused at the self-regulation level (FP);
• In personal sense rear us directed to the "self" (FS).

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the timing

TIMING

pOSITIVE OR negative

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implementation