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The Rum Rebellion

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1.

THE RUM REBELLION

2.

WHO WAS IN THE COLONY?

  • By 1789 the Second Fleet had come to Australia. It was worse in every way than the First Fleet.
  • Australia was mostly a prison still, with very few free settlers or emancipated convicts.
3.

AFTER THE FIRST FLEET

  • As Sydney slowly expanded, mostly up the rivers and in small settlements up the coast, it started to develop. But not much.
  • Most people still lived in tents, and food was very scarce.
4.

ISSUES

  • There were still very few free settlers, most of the land owners were soldiers of the NSW Marine Corps.
  • They also did not have much physical money, which made buying and selling things hard.
5.

ENTER JOHN MACARTHUR

  • John Macarthur was a wealthy man who arrived from England as a soldier of the NSW Marines.
  • He retired from the marines and started to acquire lots of land around Sydney.
  • This was not hard, because the land was given out by the military government.
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  • Macarthur and his friends started to buy farms and grow wool; importing the first merino sheep.
  • They also started to trade in rum, a strong alcoholic spirit.
7.

ENTER GOVERNOR BLIGH

  • Governor Bligh was a famous naval officer, but he was famous for a problematic reason.
8.

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Map showing Bounty's movements in the Pacific Ocean, 1788–1790

Red - Voyage of Bounty to Tahiti and to location of the mutiny, 28 April 1789

Green - Course of Bligh's open-boat journey to Coupang, Timor, between 2 May and 14 June 1789

Yellow - Movements of Bounty under Christian after the mutiny, from 28 April 1789 onwards

Bligh sailed more than 6500km in an open boat.
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  • Bligh was no more popular in NSW than he had been on the HMS Bounty.
  • He tried to change the way land was being given out.
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  • Land was given out by a commission of military officers.
  • What problems can you see with this?
11.

CLASH

  • Bligh was unpopular with nearly everyone, he was not a very nice man, and the soldiers were angry he was going to stop them having so much power.
  • They decided to overthrow him.
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  • This was very risky, the punishment for mutiny was death.
  • Their only chance was to capture Bligh and try to make people in Britain agree with them that he had been doing a bad job.
  • They arrested Bligh and took over the colony themselves.
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  • Do you think Bligh was doing the wrong thing?
  • Do you think that this comic is likely to be showing what really happened?
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15.

ENTER LACHLAN MACQUARIE

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  • Lachlan Macquarie is often called the ‘father of Australia’.
  • He was an officer in the British army, rather than the Royal Navy.
  • He brought with him soldiers from the 73rd Regiment of Foot
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  • His first job was to restore order to the colony.
  • He arrested many of the traitors (though many had already sailed to England to defend themselves); and he also reversed all the decisions they had made.
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  • Macquarie had arrived in 1810, and was to serve until 1821.
  • He was the first governor to see that Australia could be more than just a large prison.
  • He rebuilt Sydney, and passed many laws that started Australia on the process to being a country.

Chris Evans