By the time of Abbasid Caliphate, there were trade networks in the Islamic world that joined it to a larger hemispheric economy.
Overland trade was done by camel caravan. As camel transport became common, major cities soon built caravanserais (Inns reserved for merchants).
Maritime trade was done all through borrowed items like the compass, lateen sail (triangle sail), and astrolabe.
Improved transportation, banking, and business organization led to the success of long-distance trade.
Dinars were gold coins and standard currency in Islamic world.
The following crops were introduced into the western regions of the islamic world: rice, sugarcane, wheat, lemons, eggplants, watermelons, bananas
Led to a richer and more varied diet which increased quantities of food available because they enabled cultivators to extend the growing season
Cotton had industrial uses as it became the basis for the thriving textile industry. Indigo and henna > dyes
Increased agricultural production led to growth of cities in all parts of the Islamic world. They all had markets with merchants, craftsmen, etc.
Paper manufacture became a big thing as it was cheaper to use than writing materials like vellum sheets,etc.
Paper facilitate the keeping of administrative and commercial records
People who weren't Muslim were taxed (jizia)
There were special inns for merchants - encouraged trade
The whole empire encouraged trade as there is a commonality - more trade because they have that connection together