CIRCLE OF HELL

COMPLEX FRAUD

CAINA ☆ ANTENORA ☆ PTOLOMEA ☆ JUDECCA

CAINA

CONTRAPASSO

• Frozen in ice with only their heads above
• Head down to be able to cry for eternity
• "Frozen in ice" reflecting the idea that being a traitor is a sin committed in cold blood
• Condemned to perpetual immobility
• "All warmth of love for God & fellow men have been extinguished"
• Guardian of the 9th circle are Giants

SINNERS

• Cain- the first son of the first humans Adam and Eve killed his younger brother Abel because of jealousy with the attention God is giving to his brother's offerings
• Napoleone & Allesandro- were brothers but rivals with two diff. political factions, they murdered each other not because of politics but because of their inheritance
• Camicion de' Pazzi- murdered his relative Ubertino
• Mordred- betrayed his uncle King Arthur and because of the battle that took place between the two nearly everyone died; although King Arthur killed him Mordred mortally wounded King Arthur as well

ANTENORA

CONTRAPASSO

• Frozen in ice with only heads above
• Head down to be able to cry for eternity
• Sinners do not want to speak of their names and an example is an encounter with Bocca
• Dante states that he can give him fame on Earth if he will identify himself
• Bocca replies, "That's the last thing I would want!"

SINNERS

• Antenora- betrayed his city Troy as he opened the gates & only saved his household by putting a panther skin on his door
• Bocca- secretly sided with the enemy Ghibellines by injuring his country's general causing confusion allowing them to defeat the Guelphs
• Ganelou- betrayed Roland's rear guard

BETWEEN ANTENORA & PTOLOMEA

• Ugolino & Ruggieri's location
• Ugolino is seen to be gnawing on Ruggieri's head showing "cannibalism"
• Ugolino ---> treachery against country
• Ruggieri ---> treachery against guest
• Extreme factionalism: power struggles, exiles, unjust charges, murders, the innocent dying

PTOLOMEA

CONTRAPASSO

• Frozen under ice with only head above
• Faced upward w/ tears frozen over their eyes
• Denied even the comfort of crying
• Strong wind from Lucifer's wings in the last division of the circle
• Causes ears of the sinners to break from the strong wind

SINNERS

• Ptolomea- captain of Jericho who murdered his father-in-law and two brother-in-laws after inviting them to a feast
• Friar Alberigo- invited his closest relative Marfred & Marfred's son for supper and murdered them
• Ser Branca D' Oria murdered his father-in-law Michel Zarche after inviting him to his house
• Friar Alberigo and Ser Branca D' Oria's bodies are still on Earth used as vessels by devils

JUDECCA

CONTRAPASSO & SINNERS

• Completely encased in ice therefore nameless because of incapability to speak
• Lucifer is seen described with one head but three faces chewing on the three greatest sinners: Cassius, Brutus, Judas
• Judas- betrayed Jesus Christ with a kiss
• Cassius and Brutus- opposed the formation of the Roman Empire by the assassination of Julius Caesar
• Judas is in the center with only his legs out of Lucifer's mouth. Cassius and Brutus on the sides with their heads out of Lucifer's mouth.
• Lucifer gnaws on them for eternity with his six eyes flowing tears

God as a Holy Trinity ---> the Father, the Son, the Holy Ghost

Lucifer the Fallen Angel ---> perversion of the Holy Trinity