TUBERCULOSIS

TYPES OF TB

• Multi-Drug resistant (MDR)
• Latent Tuberculosis
• Active tuberculosis
• Extra-Pulmonary TB
• Pulmonary TB

DEFINITION

• A potentially serious infectious disease that mainly affects your lungs but also kidneys, spine, or brain

SYMPTOMS

• Coughing that lasts three or more weeks
• Coughing up blood
• Chest pain
• Unintentional weight loss
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Night sweats
• Chills
• Loss of appetite

WHERE IS THE DISEASE?

• Sub-Saharan Africa
• Southeast Asia (china)
• Russia
• Latin America
• America
• Eastern Europe
• Western pacific regions

INCONSISTENCIES

• The BCG vaccine only works on some people, while some say it gives infections

CAUSED BY

• By bacteria that spreads from person to person through microscopic droplets released into air
• Caused by HIV in which the infection makes it hard for the body to control TB bacteria

CHALLENGES/PROBLEMS

• No one thinks TB is in America
• Not a working vaccine in America
• HIV keeps on preventing us from stoping TB
• Hard to keep patients in a well nourished environment

LOCAL SCALE

• In 2006 13,767 cases in U.S.
• In 2013 9,582 in U.S.
• In 2014 199 cases in MA (150 or 75% were MDR TB)
• If we can find a working vaccine, we can give it to the people of America

SOLUTIONS/TREATMENTS

• Tests to help detect TB earlier (in U.S.)
• Special antibiotics
• 10 types of TB vaccines being tested (not in U.S.)
• Treatment takes 6-9 months

TYPES OF TREATMENT

• Isoniazid
• Rifampin
• Ethambutol
• Pyrazinamide
• BCG vaccine
• Special antiretroviral therapy recommended for people with HIV

MOST LIKELY TO GET TB

• More common where there is poverty, malnutrition, poor general health, and social disruption
• Top killers of women with 300,000 deaths (HIV- neg)

FUN FACTS

• TB is the 2nd greatest killer worldwide due to a single infectious agent under HIV/AIDS
• 3 million people will die each year from this disease
• Scandinavia has the lowest number of deaths

SOURCES

• mayoclinic.org
• everydayhealth.com
• netdoctor.co.uk
• apps.who.int
• npr.org
• CDC.gov
• mass.gov
• Pictures by haiku deck