TYPES OF PRINTING

Halftone printed in 1 color

• Generally black and white
• Consists of dots, differently spaced to convey shades of grey
• Used in b&w newspapers

2 spot color printing

• Uses solid colors rather than CMYK
• Used for distinct, recognizable colors
• 2 colors (no, really?)

3 spot color printing

• Ditto
• Ditto
• 3 colors (no, really?)

4/C

• Also known as CMYK
• Standard, used in most home printers
• Can show ______ colors
• Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black

Flexographic

• Printing on thin plastics
• Often used in packaging
• Mostly commercial use

Screen Printing

• Generally used for shirtmaking
• Ink is forced through screen onto shirt
• Often used for one/two color mass production

Lenticular

• Gives 3D effect
• Used mostly for small areas, difficult to do large

Dye Sublimation

• Uses heat to transfer ink
• Ink seeps into pores of plastic/polyester
• Used for complex, intricate designs

Poor Color Registration

• Occurs when colors aren't properly oriented
• Colors do not line up, this causes small bars on sides of image
• Often seen in newspapers

Printer marks/color bars

• Help to orient the colors when printing
• Prevents poor color registration
• Commonly found on bottom of cereal boxes

B&W halftone printed in CMYK

• Used to increase quality of black and white images
• Easier to print on traditional printers
• Instead of dots, standard CMYK printing

Spot Varnish

• Glossy coating on tiny area of otherwise CMYK print
• Varnish is extremely expensive, comparitively
• Varnish goes on last

Printed micro-encapsulation

• A.K.A. scratch and sniff
• Fragrance surrounded by coating
• Fingernail breaks coating, fragrance/odor escapes

Aqueous Coating

• Glossy coating that covers entire page
• Protects thin pages from tearing, wear

Poor CMYK reproduction

• Colors are incorrect, could be due to many factors
• Commonly seen in newspapers
• (This man is orange, but the iPad camera is awful)

Reversed-out type

• Text is not printed, but border surrounding text is
• Also "negative space"
• Usually white text

Vertical dimension change

• Image is stretched vert.
• Makes things seem taller/thinner
• Usually used for women's magazine covers

Horizontal dimension change

• Image is stretched horizontally
• Makes objects seem larger, better value, get more for your money
• Often used in food advertisements, particularly fast food

Printed bleed

• When printing, some sort of border is always left around the image
• Printed bleed cuts off this border so ink goes all the way to the edge of the page
• Extremely common in magazines, difficult to find a magazine without it

Color trapping

• Individual colors are printed one-by-one
• They overlap slightly in the design phase
• This creates a very straight, consistent line between colors
• Allows more leniency if the print goes badly

Crossover picture

• Picture is split up into two parts
• Page break occurs in between, but printed bleed merges them together
• Looks like a full picture once again

Variable data

• A template is digitally created, with blanks for individual customer/product data
• Before each print, the blanks are filled in with one customer/product's information
• Often used on bank statements, bills, college acceptance/rejection letters

Embossing

• Paper has small depressed or raised section
• Created by intense pressure, generally brief
• Creates a small copy? of the object being pressed into the paper

Die cutting

• Die is a roller that cuts paper into specific shapes
• Works somewhat like a cookie cutter
• Shapes are then generally folded into boxes

Thermographic printing

• Special ink is printed onto paper
• When ink dries, it expands and becomes "puffy"
• Used for cars and such to accentuate details, such as the logo

Saddle stitch binding

• Signatures are lay one on top of another, splayed out in a large stack
• Machine violently staples all signatures together, up to 500 at once, using elongated staples

Perfect binding

• Signatures are stacked on top of one another like a ream of paper
• Machine cuts off spines
• Spines are replaced with a new one, often made with synthetic fibers

Remoist glue

• Dried-out glue is spread on paper
• When glue is moisturized, it becomes sticky once again
• The choice of envelope makers everywhere, often licked

Setoff

• Quite simply, the unintentional transfer of ink from newly printed materials
• The reason why newspaper copies to Silly Putty so easily

Imposed form

• Anything that is cut or folded to reach the final form
• Every box that has ever been created, nearly every magazine/book ever, etc., uses imposed form

Coated paper

• Paper is coated with clay before being printed on
• Makes the paper shiny and smooth
• Increases print quality
• Makes the paper much more difficult to compost

Uncoated paper

• Standard paper
• Breaks down easily, good for composting
• Low print quality
• Often used for newspapers

Watermark

• Low-opacity words or logo that covers image
• Prevents plagiarism as is difficult to remove without destroying the image
• Often used on stock photos, removed after purchasing the photo
• Shutterstock, a stock photo site, is famous for this practice

Show-through

• It is possible to see onto the other side of the page
• Generally seen in uncoated papers, very thin and translucent
• Easier to see when held up to light