Unit 11: Acids & Bases

The pH of a substance shows whether the substance is a base, an acid, or neutral . A pH meter or pH paper are tools that can be used to figure out the pH of the solution.
Litmus paper is also used to identify acids and bases.

Acids

• Sour taste
• React with certain metals
• pH
• turns litmus paper red
• Contain more Hydronium ions in solution than hydroxide ions
• In the chemical formula an acid contains H3O+, hydronium

Strong .vs. Weak

• stronger acid= lower pH
• stronger acid has more hydronium ions
• A strong acid can only become a product while a weak acid can become both a product and a reactant

Bases

• Bitter taste
• Slippery feel
• pH > 7
• turns litmus paper blue
• Contains fewer Hydrogen ions in solution than Hydroxide ions
• In a chemical formula a base contains OH-, hydroxide

Strong .vs. Weak

• Stronger base= higher pH
• stronger base has fewer to no hydronium ions
• strong base has more hydroxide ion

Acids and Bases

• When both combined they form water & a salt
• are electrolytes
• conduct electricity
• can change colors of indicators

The Bronsted-Lowry theory defines acids as compounds that can accept an electron pair and bases as compounds that can donate an electron pair.