UNIT 4 VOCABULARY

RENAISSANCE

• The beginning of art and culture in Italy in the 1300s
• The renaissance inspired the thirst for knowledge.
• New inventions were made such as the compass.

WESTERNIZATION

• The spread of western culture ideas
• Portuguese- style churches are now apart of china
• McDonald's is found in China

ABSOLUTISM

• Unlimited power
• Louis XIV of France embodied absolutism

DIVINE RIGHT

• Power is derived from God
• The Mandate of Heaven is an example

COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

• Expansion of trade that transformed Europe
• Spain exploited the resources of their overseas colonies

CAPITALISM

• Resources are privately owned and are distributed
• Living standards rose and wealth increased in Europe

SECULAR

• Concerns of the world: non- religious
• Economic, political, social, and cultural
• Helped propel Europe rise to power

CONQUISTADORS

• Spanish conquerors
• Brought millions of Indians under their control

MESTIZOS

• European and Native American ancestry
• The middle class of the social structure

INFLATION

• Prices rise due to the increase of money supply
• Spain spent their money, leaving them in debt

COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE

• Transfer of plants, animals, and disease
• Potatoes were spread from the Americas

GREAT DYING

• The decrease of American Indian population
• Caused by diseases brought from Europe
• Killed at least 50 percent of the pop.

HUMANISM

• Emphasizing the worth of the individual and balancing religious faith
• New ways of thinking
• Combined religious faith with a secular interest in the natural world

REFORMATION

• Movement that split the Catholic Church and gave birth to the Protestant religion
• Resulted in the creation of new Protestant faiths

SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

• Shift in thinking about the study of nature and moved beyond religious teachings
• Advances in astronomy, physics, biology, medicine, and others

ENLIGHTENMENT

• Movement that sought to apply scientific methods to the study of society
• Promoted the idea of democratic rights and freedoms

Ideas changed the world between the 1400 and 1800. Cultures and religions spread throughout the continents, creating new beliefs and types of governments. This pushed us to be widely opened minded, making our world the way it is today.