WASHINGTON IRVING

FUN FACTS

• He is 1 of 11 children
• Named after George Washington
• Irving was the 1st person to refer to NYC as "Gotham City"
• Irving helped create the modern-day idea of Christmas
• Irving has often been referred to. As the father of American literature.

IRVING'S FAMOUS WORKS

• The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
• Rip Van Winkle
• Knicker Bocker's History of New York
• Bracebridge Hall

IRVING'S QUOTES

• A kind heart is a fountain of gladness, making everything in its vicinity freshen into smiles.
• They who drink beer will think beer.
• Kindness in women, not their beauteous looks, shall win my love.
• Age is a matter of feeling, not of years.
• The tongue is the only tool that gets sharper with use.

"THE DEVIL & TOM WALKER"

• The story begins with talking about a pirate named Kidd
• Pirate Kidd spent his life finding treasure
• He made a deal with the Devil at his fortress.
• The devil would protect his money and treasures
• Kidd ended up dyeing, and never returned to his treasure.

JUMP TO 1727

• Now, man named Tom Walker and his wife live in this fortress
• Walker is a greedy and selfish man, who cherishes money more than his wife
• Their house was very tarnished looking.
• This is until he takes a walk in the swamp.
• He confronts the devil, who is referred to as "Old Scratch"

CONFRONTING THE DEVIL

• Walker confronts the devil, and the devil offers him a deal.
• Scratch offers to Walker, all of Kidds treasure, if Tom gives up his soul (become Usurer)
• A usurer is someone who loans money at extremely high interest rates.
• Tom agrees to think about it, and returns home.
• Burdened with his secret, Tom mentions it to his wife.

AT HOME

• When Tom is asleep, his wife takes all their valuables, and goes to Scracth
• She wants to make her own deal with the Devil
• Tom wakes up and doesn't find his wife or any of his property.
• Tom goes in search of his wife and property.
• He finds his wife's heart and liver in an apron tied to a tree.

THE DEAL

• Tom finds the devil, and confronts him.
• Tom agrees to become a usurer, and makes the deal.
• From here forth, Tom has riches.
• Tom is basically stealing money from people through his usury.
• Officially, Tom is now in the hands of the Devil.

TOM THE USURER

• Tom never tires of swindling people out of money.
• Until one day Tom suddenly Tom does become fearful of the afterlife.
• He then starts to become fiercely dedicated to God.
• He always keeps, from this point on, two Bibles at hand.

RELIGIOUS TOM

• One day, he confronts a person who borrowed money from him.
• The person is blaming Tom for taking his money.
• Tom says "The Devil take me, if I have made but a farthing!".
• (A farthing is the smallest currency of the time, 1/4 of a penny)
• At this time, there are three loud knocks at the door.

THE DEVIL ARRIVES

• Tom is drawn to the door, where there is a black cloaked figure.
• He then realizes that he has left both of his bibles at his desk.
• Tom walker is then taken away by the Devil on the back of a Black Horse.
• They ride towards the old fortress, and Tom and his assets are never seen again.
• His ghost haunts the site of the old fortress since that day.

SITUATIONAL/VERBAL IRONY

• Situational irony is when the opposite of what's expected, happens.
• Verbal Irony is when a character states something given emotion, but it ends up happening.
• It is ironic when Tom says...
• "The Devil take me, if I have made but a farthing!"
• Later, the Devil did indeed take Tom.

METAPHOR

• When two unlinked things are compared.
• In the story, one major example of Metaphor is...
• When Tom and his wife's house is metaphorically a...
• "Den of Discord"

AMERICAN ROMANTICISM

• The theory, practice, & style, of the Romantic Art, Music & Literature.
• Occurred in late 18th, and early 19th centuries.
• Tom Walker and the Devil is an example of American Romantic Literature.
• A typical theme in this story of American Romanticism is...
• Mans weakness for easy wealth and cruelty to others.

ALBERT BIERSTADT

EMANUEL LEUTZE

THOMAS COLE

Louis Moreau Gottschalk

A MUSIC SAMPLE

Untitled Slide