Word Stress
Published on Nov 18, 2015
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Word Stress
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What is a supra segmental?
A supra segmental is a vocal effect that extends over more than one sound segmental in an utterance, such as pitch, stress,or juncture pattern.
What is a supra segmental?
A supra segmental is a vocal effect that extends over more than one sound segmental in an utterance, such as pitch, stress,or juncture pattern.
A supra segmental is a vocal effect that extends over more than one sound segmental in an utterance, such as pitch, stress,or juncture pattern.
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Supra segmental is often used for:
Tone
Vowel length and
features like nasalization and aspiration.
Persian versus English Supra segmentals
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The Persian language is classified as a syllable-timed language.
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The amount of time takes to utter a sentences depends on the number of syllables that are present.This is in stark contrast with English,which is a stress-timed language.
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Stress-timed languages tend to have an equal amount of time elapsed between stressed syllables and do not place equal stress on every syllable. This distinction is important for this study as the Persian speaker of English might not accurately pronounce the stress in English.
An example that makes this idea clear is as follows:
I eat pizza.
I might have been eating pizza.
It might be surprising to non-native English speakers that these two sentences take exactly the same duration of time to say. This is because in English the important, or meaningful words in a sentence, are stressed.
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In both sentences given above, the only words that are stressed are “I”, “eat”, and “pizza.”
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Some examples of final syllable stress in Persian
rule: (stressed syllables in all caps)
ke-TAB (book)
ta-sa-DOF (accident)
bo-ZORG (big)
gol-for-USH (florist)
di-vu-NE (crazy)
xa-RID (she bought)
Some examples of final syllable stress in Persian from Kahnemuyipour (2003) display this rule: (stressed syllables in all caps)
ke-TAB (book) ta-sa-DOF (accident)
bo-ZORG (big) gol-for-USH (florist)
di-vu-NE (crazy) bo-zorg man-ESH (magnanimous)
xa-RID (she bought)
ke-TAB (book) ta-sa-DOF (accident)
bo-ZORG (big) gol-for-USH (florist)
di-vu-NE (crazy) bo-zorg man-ESH (magnanimous)
xa-RID (she bought)
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The word stress in English is not always so clear and often depends on the origin of the word. However, general rules can be applied.
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studies demonstrate the supra segmental differences found between Persian and English and what some of the difficult areas may be. In the area of intonation, the rise and fall of the voice in speaking,
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An example follows for this typical mistake:
Normal English intonation: “I don’t want to SEE him”.
Persian speaker of English intonation: “I DON’T want to see him”.
Normal English intonation: “How are YOU?
Persian speaker of English intonation: “HOW are you?”
Normal English intonation: “I’m not COMing.”
Persian speaker of English intonation: “I’m NOT coming.”
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both English and Persian include a falling intonation at the end of statements. Persian speakers of English did in fact correctly pronounce the falling intonation at the end of statements.
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONSIDERATION.
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