30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand-born British physicist Went to Canterbury collage and university of Cambridge; Research . J. Thomson on the conductive effects of X-rays on gases helped almost 1,000 university refugees from Germany
As it turns out, the alpha particle was identical to the nucleus of a helium atom. The beta particle was, in fact, the same as an electron or positron.
His work contributed greatly to understanding the disintegration and transmutation of radioactive elements and became fundamental to much of 20th-century physics. In 1908 he was awarded the Nobel Prize